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the walk cleared my head

Толкование Перевод

1 despejar

v.

1 to clear.

Los policías despejaron la calle The police cleared the street.

2 to clear up, to put an end to.

3 to solve, to resolve, to clear, to clear up.

El detective despejó el asesinato The detective solved the crime.

* * *

despejar

► verbo transitivo

1 (desalojar) to clear

2 (espabilar) to wake up, clear the head of

3 figurado (aclarar) to clarify, clear up

4 DEPORTE to clear

5 MATEMÁTICAS to find

6 INFORMÁTICA to clear

► verbo pronominal despejarse

1 METEREOLOGÍA to clear up

2 (espabilarse) to wake oneself up, clear one's head

■ voy a tomar el aire para despejarme I'm going to get some fresh air to wake myself up

3 (aclararse) to become clear

* * *
1. verb
to clear
2. verb
clear

* * *

1. VT

1) [lugar] to clear

los bomberos despejaron el teatro — the firemen cleared the theatre of people

la policía obligó a despejar el tribunal — the police ordered the court to be cleared

2) (Dep) [balón] to clear

3) (=resolver) [+ misterio] to clear up; (Mat) [+ incógnita] to find

4) (Inform) [+ pantalla] to clear

5) (Med) [+ nariz] to unblock; [+ cabeza] to clear; [+ persona] to wake up

2. VI

1) [de un lugar]

¡despejen! — [al moverse] move along!; [haciendo salir] everybody out!

2) (Dep) to clear, clear the ball

3) (Meteo) to clear

3.

See:

despejarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) (desocupar, desalojar) to clear

despejen la sala — clear the room

b) < nariz> to unblock, clear

2)

a) ( espabilar) to wake... up

b) ( desembotar)

el paseo me despejó — the walk cleared my head

c) < borracho> to sober... up

3) < incógnita> (Mat) to find the value of

4) < balón> ( en fútbol) to clear; ( en fútbol americano) to punt
2.
despejar vi ( en fútbol) to clear; ( en fútbol americano) to punt
3.
despejar v impers (Meteo) to clear up

ya despejó — it has cleared up now
4.
despejarse v pron ( espabilarse) to wake (oneself) up; ( desembotarse) to clear one's head; borracho to sober up

* * *

= clear out.

Ex. Pockets of resistance still remain in Fallujah, but the vast majority of insurgents have been cleared out.

----

* despejar la carretera = clear + route.

* despejar la mente = blow + the cobwebs away/off/out.

* despejar una incertidumbre = relieve + uncertainty.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) (desocupar, desalojar) to clear

despejen la sala — clear the room

b) < nariz> to unblock, clear

2)

a) ( espabilar) to wake... up

b) ( desembotar)

el paseo me despejó — the walk cleared my head

c) < borracho> to sober... up

3) < incógnita> (Mat) to find the value of

4) < balón> ( en fútbol) to clear; ( en fútbol americano) to punt
2.
despejar vi ( en fútbol) to clear; ( en fútbol americano) to punt
3.
despejar v impers (Meteo) to clear up

ya despejó — it has cleared up now
4.
despejarse v pron ( espabilarse) to wake (oneself) up; ( desembotarse) to clear one's head; borracho to sober up

* * *

= clear out.

Ex: Pockets of resistance still remain in Fallujah, but the vast majority of insurgents have been cleared out.

* despejar la carretera = clear + route.

* despejar la mente = blow + the cobwebs away/off/out.

* despejar una incertidumbre = relieve + uncertainty.

* * *

despejar [A1 ]

vt

A

1 (desocupar, desalojar) to clear

despejen la sala clear the room

la policía despejó la plaza de manifestantes the police cleared the square of demonstrators o cleared the demonstrators from the square

2 ‹nariz› to unblock, clear

B

1 (espabilar) to wake … up

2

(desembotar): el paseo me despejó the walk cleared my head

3 ‹borracho› to sober … up

C ‹incógnita› ( Mat) to find the value of

la investigación no ha logrado despejar esta incógnita the investigation failed to clear up o to find an answer to this question

D ‹balón› (en fútbol) to clear; (en fútbol americano) to punt

■ despejar

vi

(en fútbol) to clear; (en fútbol americano) to punt

■

v impers

( Meteo):

en cuanto despeje salimos as soon as it clears up we'll go out

■ despejarse

v pron

1 (espabilarse) to wake (oneself) up

voy a darme una ducha a ver si me despejo I'm going to have a shower to try and wake myself up

2 (desembotarse) to clear one's head

3 «borracho» to sober up

* * *

despejar ( conjugate despejar) verbo transitivo
1
a) (desocupar, desalojar) to clear

b) ‹ nariz› to unblock, clear;

◊ el paseo me despejó the walk cleared my head

2 ‹ balón› ( en fútbol) to clear;
( en fútbol americano) to punt
verbo intransitivo ( en fútbol) to clear;
( en fútbol americano) to punt
despejar v impers (Meteo) to clear up
despejarse verbo pronominal ( espabilarse) to wake (oneself) up;
( desembotarse) to clear one's head;
[ borracho] to sober up
despejar verbo transitivo
1 (quitar obstáculos, vaciar) to clear
2 (aclarar un misterio, una duda) to clear up
3 Mat to work out the value of
4 Ftb (el balón) to clear
' despejar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
espabilar
- franquear
- apartar
English:
clear
- sober

* * *

despejar

♦ vt

1. [habitación, camino, carretera] to clear;
[nariz] to unblock; [mente] to clear;
¡despejen la sala! clear the room!

2. [pelota] to clear;

el portero despejó la pelota a córner the goalkeeper cleared the ball for a corner;

despejar el balón de cabeza/de puños to head/punch the ball away

3. [misterio, incógnita] to clear up, to put an end to;

su respuesta no despejó mis dudas her answer didn't clear up the things I wasn't sure about

4. Mat [incógnita] to find

5. [persona] [de desmayo] to bring round;

el aire fresco lo despejó [de aturdimiento, borrachera] the fresh air cleared his head;

el paseo le despejó las ideas the walk helped him get his ideas in order

♦ vi

1. [en fútbol, rugby, hockey] to clear;

el defensa despejó a córner the defender cleared the ball for a corner;

despejar de cabeza/de puños to head/punch the ball away

2. [apartarse]
¡despejen, por favor! move along there, please!

♦ v impersonal
[aclarar el tiempo] to clear up; [aclarar el cielo] to clear
♦ See also the pronominal verb despejarse

* * *

despejar

v/t

1 calle, sala etc clear

2 persona wake up

3 DEP pelota clear

* * *

despejar vt

1) : to clear, to free

2) : to clarify

despejar vi

1) : to clear up

2) : to punt (in sports)

* * *

despejar vb

1. (lugar, pelota) to clear

la policía ha despejado la zona the police have cleared the area

2. (dudas) to clear up / to clarify [pt. & pp. clarified]

has despejado todas mis dudas you've cleared up all my doubts

Spanish-English dictionary > despejar
2 despejado

adj.

1 cloudless, clear, unclouded.

2 unobstructed, unhindered, uncluttered, clear.

past part.

past participle of spanish verb: despejar.

* * *

despejado

► participio pasado

1→ link=despejar despejar

► adjetivo

1 (seguro) assured, self-confident

2 (sin sueño) wide awake; (listo) bright, smart clever; (lúcido) clear-headed

3 (espacioso, ancho) wide, spacious

■ tiene una frente despejada she's got a broad forehead

4 (sin nubes) cloudless, clear

* * *

(f. - despejada)

adj.

clear

* * *

ADJ

1) (=sin obstáculos) [camino, mente] clear; [campo] open; [habitación, plaza] spacious

2) [cielo, día] clear

3) (=despierto) awake, wide awake; (Med) free of fever

4) [persona]

ser despejado — to be bright, be smart

* * *

- da adjetivo

1) (Meteo) <día/cielo> clear

cielos totalmente despejados — cloudless skies

2) (libre, vacío) <carretera/camino> clear

quedó mucho más despejado sin el piano — it felt much more spacious without the piano

3)

a) ( despierto)

todavía no estoy despejado — I'm not properly awake yet

se sentía con la mente despejada — he felt clearheaded

b) [estar] ( sobrio) sober

* * *

= uncluttered, unobstructed, uncloudy, unclouded, cloudless.

Ex. Google, the search engine, became popular because of its efficiency, simple structure uncluttered by advertising and its non-commercial look and feel.

Ex. From the library she could see miles and miles of unobstructed vistas of rich, coffee-brown, almost black soil, broken only by occasional small towns, farms, and grain elevators.

Ex. In that case, the peak of solar energy could be at an uncloudy moment in the morning or afternoon, even though the sun wasn't highest in the sky at that moment.

Ex. As they grow up in those heady post-war years, in the blue unclouded weather of the late 1940s, these are the sisters you'll never forget.

Ex. This is the first cloudless image of the Earth from space.

----

* cielo despejado = cloudless sky, clear sky.

* zona despejada = open area.

* * *

- da adjetivo

1) (Meteo) <día/cielo> clear

cielos totalmente despejados — cloudless skies

2) (libre, vacío) <carretera/camino> clear

quedó mucho más despejado sin el piano — it felt much more spacious without the piano

3)

a) ( despierto)

todavía no estoy despejado — I'm not properly awake yet

se sentía con la mente despejada — he felt clearheaded

b) [estar] ( sobrio) sober

* * *

= uncluttered, unobstructed, uncloudy, unclouded, cloudless.

Ex: Google, the search engine, became popular because of its efficiency, simple structure uncluttered by advertising and its non-commercial look and feel.

Ex: From the library she could see miles and miles of unobstructed vistas of rich, coffee-brown, almost black soil, broken only by occasional small towns, farms, and grain elevators.

Ex: In that case, the peak of solar energy could be at an uncloudy moment in the morning or afternoon, even though the sun wasn't highest in the sky at that moment.

Ex: As they grow up in those heady post-war years, in the blue unclouded weather of the late 1940s, these are the sisters you'll never forget.

Ex: This is the first cloudless image of the Earth from space.

* cielo despejado = cloudless sky, clear sky.

* zona despejada = open area.

* * *

despejado -da

adjective

A ( Meteo) [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ] ‹día/cielo› clear

amaneció despejado the day dawned clear

buen tiempo con cielos despejados good weather with cloudless o clear skies

B

(despierto, lúcido): fue una buena borrachera, pero ya está despejado he was pretty drunk but he's sobered up now

es muy temprano y todavía no estoy despejado it's too early, I'm not properly awake yet

se sentía descansado y con la mente despejada he felt rested and clearheaded

C (libre, vacío) ‹carretera/camino› clear

queda mejor con la frente despejada he looks better with the hair off his forehead

el comedor queda mucho más despejado sin el piano the dining room feels much roomier o more spacious o more uncluttered without the piano

* * *

Del verbo despejar: ( conjugate despejar)

despejado es:

el participio

Multiple Entries:
despejado
despejar
despejado
◊ -da adjetivo

1 (Meteo) ‹día/cielo› clear
2 (libre, vacío) ‹carretera/camino› clear
3
a) ‹ persona› clearheaded;

‹ mente› clear
b) [estar] ( sobrio) sober

despejar ( conjugate despejar) verbo transitivo
1
a) (desocupar, desalojar) to clear

b) ‹ nariz› to unblock, clear;

◊ el paseo me despejó the walk cleared my head

2 ‹ balón› ( en fútbol) to clear;
( en fútbol americano) to punt
verbo intransitivo ( en fútbol) to clear;
( en fútbol americano) to punt
despejado v impers (Meteo) to clear up
despejarse verbo pronominal ( espabilarse) to wake (oneself) up;
( desembotarse) to clear one's head;
[ borracho] to sober up
despejado,-a adjetivo
1 (sin obstáculos) clear
2 (sin nubes) cloudless
3 (espabilado) wide awake, quick
despejar verbo transitivo
1 (quitar obstáculos, vaciar) to clear
2 (aclarar un misterio, una duda) to clear up
3 Mat to work out the value of
4 Ftb (el balón) to clear
' despejado' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
clara
- claro
- despejada
- espabilada
- espabilado
English:
clear
- cloudless
- broad

* * *

despejado, -a adj

1. [tiempo, día] clear;

tiempo seco y cielo despejado dry with clear skies

2. [sin sueño] wide awake;

no estaba aún despejado he still wasn't properly awake

3. [lúcido] clear-headed;

tener la mente despejada to have a clear head;

cuando está despejado es encantador, pero cuando bebe… he's charming when he's sober, but when he drinks…

4. [espacioso] spacious;

tener una frente despejada to have a wide o broad forehead

5. [sin estorbos] clear, uncluttered;

tener la nariz despejada to have an unblocked nose;

seguiremos cuando el camino esté despejado de nieve we'll go on when the road is clear of snow

* * *

despejado

adj cielo, cabeza clear

* * *

despejado, -da adj

1) : clear, fair

2) : alert, clear-headed

3) : uncluttered, unobstructed

* * *

despejado adj

1. (cielo, calle) clear

2. (persona) awake

Spanish-English dictionary > despejado
3 despeje

m.

clearance (sport).

pres.subj.

1^st person singular (yo) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: despejar.

* * *

despeje

► nombre masculino

1 clearance

* * *

SM

1) (Dep) clearance

2) [de mente] clarity, clearness of mind

* * *

masculino

1) (de camino, espacio) clearing

2) (Dep) clearance; ( en fútbol americano) punt

* * *

masculino

1) (de camino, espacio) clearing

2) (Dep) clearance; ( en fútbol americano) punt

* * *

despeje

masculine

A (de un camino, espacio) clearing

B ( Dep) clearance; (en fútbol americano) punt

* * *

Del verbo despejar: ( conjugate despejar)

despejé es:

1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo

despeje es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo

Multiple Entries:
despejar
despeje
despejar ( conjugate despejar) verbo transitivo
1
a) (desocupar, desalojar) to clear

b) ‹ nariz› to unblock, clear;

◊ el paseo me despejó the walk cleared my head

2 ‹ balón› ( en fútbol) to clear;
( en fútbol americano) to punt
verbo intransitivo ( en fútbol) to clear;
( en fútbol americano) to punt
despeje v impers (Meteo) to clear up
despejarse verbo pronominal ( espabilarse) to wake (oneself) up;
( desembotarse) to clear one's head;
[ borracho] to sober up
despejar verbo transitivo
1 (quitar obstáculos, vaciar) to clear
2 (aclarar un misterio, una duda) to clear up
3 Mat to work out the value of
4 Ftb (el balón) to clear
despeje m Dep clearance: gracias al fabuloso despeje del portero ganamos el partido, thanks to the fabulous clearance of the goalkeeper, we won the game
' despeje' also found in these entries:
English:
clearance

* * *

despeje nm
[en deporte] clearance;
hacer un despeje to clear the ball, to make a clearance;

hacer un despeje de cabeza/puños to head/punch the ball clear

* * *

despeje

m DEP clearance

* * *

despeje nm

1) : clearing

2) : punt (in sports)

Spanish-English dictionary > despeje
4 despeje

Del verbo despejar: ( conjugate despejar) \ \
despejé es: \ \
1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo

despeje es: \ \
1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo
Multiple Entries: despejar despeje
despejar ( conjugate despejar) verbo transitivo 1
a) (desocupar, desalojar) to clear

b) ‹ nariz› to unblock, clear;

◊ el paseo me despejó the walk cleared my head
2 ‹ balón› ( en fútbol) to clear; ( en fútbol americano) to punt verbo intransitivo ( en fútbol) to clear; ( en fútbol americano) to punt despeje v impers (Meteo) to clear up despejarse verbo pronominal ( espabilarse) to wake (oneself) up; ( desembotarse) to clear one's head; [ borracho] to sober up
despejar verbo transitivo
1 (quitar obstáculos, vaciar) to clear
2 (aclarar un misterio, una duda) to clear up
3 Mat to work out the value of
4 Ftb (el balón) to clear
despeje m Dep clearance: gracias al fabuloso despeje del portero ganamos el partido, thanks to the fabulous clearance of the goalkeeper, we won the game ' despeje' also found in these entries: English: clearance

English-spanish dictionary > despeje
5 despejado

Del verbo despejar: ( conjugate despejar) \ \
despejado es: \ \
el participio
Multiple Entries: despejado despejar
despejado

◊ -da adjetivo
1 (Meteo) ‹día/cielo› clear 2 (libre, vacío) ‹carretera/camino› clear 3
a) ‹ persona› clearheaded;
‹ mente› clear
b) [estar] ( sobrio) sober

despejar ( conjugate despejar) verbo transitivo 1
a) (desocupar, desalojar) to clear

b) ‹ nariz› to unblock, clear;

◊ el paseo me despejó the walk cleared my head
2 ‹ balón› ( en fútbol) to clear; ( en fútbol americano) to punt verbo intransitivo ( en fútbol) to clear; ( en fútbol americano) to punt despejado v impers (Meteo) to clear up despejarse verbo pronominal ( espabilarse) to wake (oneself) up; ( desembotarse) to clear one's head; [ borracho] to sober up
despejado,-a adjetivo
1 (sin obstáculos) clear
2 (sin nubes) cloudless
3 (espabilado) wide awake, quick
despejar verbo transitivo
1 (quitar obstáculos, vaciar) to clear
2 (aclarar un misterio, una duda) to clear up
3 Mat to work out the value of
4 Ftb (el balón) to clear ' despejado' also found in these entries: Spanish: clara - claro - despejada - espabilada - espabilado English: clear - cloudless - broad

English-spanish dictionary > despejado
6 despejar

despejar ( conjugate despejar) verbo transitivo 1
a) (desocupar, desalojar) to clear

b) ‹ nariz› to unblock, clear;

◊ el paseo me despejó the walk cleared my head
2 ‹ balón› ( en fútbol) to clear; ( en fútbol americano) to punt verbo intransitivo ( en fútbol) to clear; ( en fútbol americano) to punt despejar v impers (Meteo) to clear up despejarse verbo pronominal ( espabilarse) to wake (oneself) up; ( desembotarse) to clear one's head; [ borracho] to sober up
despejar verbo transitivo
1 (quitar obstáculos, vaciar) to clear
2 (aclarar un misterio, una duda) to clear up
3 Mat to work out the value of
4 Ftb (el balón) to clear ' despejar' also found in these entries: Spanish: espabilar - franquear - apartar English: clear - sober

English-spanish dictionary > despejar
7 clear

clear [klɪə(r)]

transparent ⇒ 1 (a) clair ⇒ 1 (a)-(f) vif ⇒ 1 (c) net ⇒ 1 (d), 1 (h), 1 (l) évident ⇒ 1 (f) certain ⇒ 1 (g) libre ⇒ 1 (i), 1 (k) tranquille ⇒ 1 (j) distinctement ⇒ 2 (a) entièrement ⇒ 2 (c) débarrasser ⇒ 4 (a), 4 (b) clarifier ⇒ 4 (c) autoriser ⇒ 4 (d) innocenter ⇒ 4 (e) franchir ⇒ 4 (f) finir ⇒ 4 (h) s'éclaircir ⇒ 5 (a), 5 (b)

1 adjective

(a) (transparent → glass, plastic) transparent; (→ water) clair, limpide; (→ river) limpide, transparent; (→ air) pur;

∎ clear honey miel m liquide;

∎ clear soup (plain stock) bouillon m; (with meat) consommé m

(b) (cloudless → sky) clair, dégagé; (→ weather) clair, beau (belle);

∎ on a clear day par temps clair;

∎ the sky grew clearer le ciel se dégagea;

∎ as clear as day(light) clair comme le jour ou comme de l'eau de roche

(c) (not dull → colour) vif; (→ light) éclatant, radieux; (untainted → complexion) clair, frais (fraîche);

∎ clear blue bleu vif;

∎ to have (a) clear skin avoir la peau nette

(d) (distinct → outline) net, clair; (→ photograph) net; (→ sound) clair, distinct; (→ voice) clair, argentin;

∎ Television the picture was very clear l'image était très nette;

∎ make sure your writing is clear efforcez-vous d'écrire distinctement ou proprement;

∎ the lyrics are not very clear je ne distingue pas très bien les paroles de la chanson;

∎ the sound was as clear as a bell on entendait un son aussi clair que celui d'une cloche

(e) (not confused → mind) pénétrant, lucide; (→ thinking, argument, style) clair; (→ explanation, report) clair, intelligible; (→ instructions) clair, explicite; (→ message) en clair;

∎ I want to keep a clear head je veux rester lucide ou garder tous mes esprits;

∎ a clear thinker un esprit lucide;

∎ clear thinking is essential il est essentiel de garder un esprit lucide;

∎ he is quite clear about what has to be done il sait parfaitement ce qu'il y a à faire;

∎ I've got the problem clear in my head je comprends ou saisis le problème;

∎ to make one's meaning or oneself clear se faire comprendre;

∎ now let's get this clear - I want no nonsense comprenons-nous bien ou soyons clairs - je ne supporterai pas de sottises

(f) (obvious, unmistakable) évident, clair;

∎ a clear indication of a forthcoming storm un signe certain qu'il va y avoir de l'orage;

∎ it is a clear case of favouritism c'est manifestement du favoritisme, c'est un cas de favoritisme manifeste;

∎ it's clear that he's lying il est évident ou clair qu'il ment;

∎ it's clear from her letter that she's unhappy sa lettre montre clairement qu'elle est malheureuse;

∎ it becomes clearer every day cela devient plus évident chaque jour;

∎ it's far from clear who will win the election on ne peut vraiment pas dire qui va gagner les élections;

∎ it was not clear who had won on ne savait pas exactement qui avait gagné;

∎ it is clear to me that he is telling the truth pour moi, il est clair qu'il dit la vérité;

∎ he was unable to make his meaning clear il n'arrivait pas à s'expliquer;

∎ we want to make it clear that… nous tenons à préciser que…;

∎ to make it clear to sb that… bien faire comprendre à qn que…;

∎ she made it quite clear to them what she wanted elle leur a bien fait comprendre ce qu'elle voulait;

∎ it is important to make clear exactly what our aims are il est important de bien préciser quels sont nos objectifs;

∎ is that clear? est-ce que c'est clair?;

∎ do I make myself clear? est-ce que je me fais bien comprendre?, est-ce que c'est bien clair?;

∎ humorous as clear as mud clair comme l'encre

(g) (free from doubt, certain) certain;

∎ she seems quite clear about what she wants elle sait très bien ce qu'elle veut;

∎ I want to be clear in my mind about it je veux en avoir le cœur net

(h) (unqualified) net, sensible;

∎ it's a clear improvement over the other c'est nettement mieux que l'autre, il y a un net progrès par rapport à l'autre;

∎ they won by a clear majority ils ont gagné avec une large majorité

(i) (unobstructed, free → floor, path) libre, dégagé; (→ route) sans obstacles, sans danger; (→ view) dégagé;

∎ the roads are clear of snow les routes sont déblayées ou déneigées;

∎ clear of obstacles sans obstacles;

∎ I left the desk clear j'ai débarrassé le bureau;

∎ his latest X-rays are clear ses dernières radios ne montrent rien d'anormal;

∎ clear space espace m libre;

∎ we had a clear view of the sea nous avions une très belle vue sur la mer;

∎ to be clear of sth être débarrassé de qch;

∎ we're clear of the traffic nous sommes sortis des encombrements;

∎ we were clear of the last checkpoint nous avions passé le dernier poste de contrôle;

∎ once the plane was clear of the trees une fois que l'avion eut franchi les arbres;

∎ to be clear of debts être libre de dettes;

∎ figurative can you see your way clear to lending me £5? auriez-vous la possibilité de me prêter 5 livres?;

∎ all clear! (there's no traffic, no one is watching) vous pouvez y aller, la voie est libre; Military fin d'alerte!

(j) (free from guilt → conscience) tranquille;

∎ is your conscience clear? as-tu la conscience tranquille?;

∎ I can go home with a clear conscience je peux rentrer la conscience tranquille

(k) (time) libre;

∎ his schedule is clear il n'a rien de prévu sur son emploi du temps;

∎ I have Wednesday clear je n'ai rien de prévu pour mercredi;

∎ we have four clear days to finish nous avons quatre jours pleins ou entiers pour finir

(l) (net → money, wages) net;

∎ he brings home £300 clear il gagne 300 livres net;

∎ a clear profit un bénéfice net;

∎ a clear loss une perte sèche;

∎ clear of taxes net d'impôts

(m) Linguistics antérieur

2 adverb

(a) (distinctly) distinctement, nettement;

∎ Radio reading you loud and clear je te reçois cinq sur cinq;

∎ I can hear you as clear as a bell je t'entends très clairement

(b) (away from, out of the way)

∎ to get clear of sb échapper à qn;

∎ when we got clear of the town quand nous nous sommes éloignés de la ville;

∎ when I get clear of my debts quand je serai débarrassé de mes dettes;

∎ we pulled him clear of the wrecked car/of the water nous l'avons sorti de la carcasse de la voiture/de l'eau;

∎ she was thrown clear of the car elle a été éjectée de la voiture;

∎ stand clear! écartez-vous!;

∎ stand clear of the entrance! dégagez l'entrée!;

∎ stand clear of the doors! attention à la fermeture automatique des portes!;

∎ to keep or steer clear of sth éviter qch;

∎ Nautical to steer clear of a rock passer au large d'un écueil

(c) (all the way) entièrement, complètement;

∎ you can see clear to the mountain on peut voir jusqu'à la montagne;

∎ they went clear around the world ils ont fait le tour du monde;

∎ the thieves got clear away les voleurs ont disparu sans laisser de trace

3 noun

∎ (idiom) to be in the clear (out of danger) être hors de danger; (out of trouble) être tiré d'affaire; (free of blame) être blanc comme neige; (above suspicion) être au-dessus de tout soupçon; (no longer suspected) être blanchi (de tout soupçon); Sport être démarqué

4 transitive verb

(a) (remove → object) débarrasser, enlever; (→ obstacle) écarter; (→ weeds) arracher, enlever;

∎ clear the papers off the desk enlevez ces papiers du bureau, débarrassez le bureau de ces papiers;

∎ she cleared the plates from the table elle a débarrassé la table

(b) (remove obstruction from → gen) débarrasser; (→ entrance, road) dégager, déblayer; (→ forest, land) défricher; (→ streets, room) faire évacuer; (→ pipe) déboucher;

∎ it's your turn to clear the table c'est à ton tour de débarrasser la table ou de desservir;

∎ to clear one's desk (tidy) débarrasser son bureau; (complete pending tasks) régler les affaires en suspens;

∎ to clear one's throat se racler la gorge;

∎ this land has been cleared of trees ce terrain a été déboisé;

∎ clear the room! évacuez la salle!;

∎ the judge cleared the court le juge a fait évacuer la salle;

∎ the police cleared the way for the procession la police a ouvert un passage au cortège;

∎ figurative the talks cleared the way for a ceasefire les pourparlers ont préparé le terrain ou ont ouvert la voie pour un cessez-le-feu;

∎ also figurative to clear the ground déblayer le terrain;

∎ to clear the decks (prepare for action) se mettre en branle-bas de combat; (make space) faire de la place, faire le ménage

(c) (clarify → liquid) clarifier; (→ wine) coller, clarifier; (→ skin) purifier; (→ complexion) éclaircir;

∎ open the windows to clear the air ouvrez les fenêtres pour aérer;

∎ figurative his apology cleared the air ses excuses ont détendu l'atmosphère;

∎ I went for a walk to clear my head (from hangover) j'ai fait un tour pour m'éclaircir les idées; (from confusion) j'ai fait un tour pour me rafraîchir les idées ou pour me remettre les idées en place

(d) (authorize) autoriser, approuver;

∎ the plane was cleared for take-off l'avion a reçu l'autorisation de décoller;

∎ the editor cleared the article for publication le rédacteur en chef a donné son accord ou le feu vert pour publier l'article;

∎ the investigators cleared him for top secret work après enquête, il a été autorisé à mener des activités top secret;

∎ you'll have to clear it with the boss il faut demander l'autorisation ou l'accord ou le feu vert du patron

(e) (vindicate, find innocent) innocenter, disculper;

∎ to clear sb of a charge disculper qn d'une accusation;

∎ he was cleared of having been drunk in charge of a ship accusé d'avoir tenu les commandes (d'un navire) en état d'ivresse, il a été disculpé;

∎ the court cleared him of all blame la cour l'a totalement disculpé ou innocenté;

∎ give him a chance to clear himself donnez-lui la possibilité de se justifier ou de prouver son innocence;

∎ to clear one's name se justifier, défendre son honneur

(f) (avoid touching) franchir; (obstacle) éviter;

∎ to clear a ditch sauter ou franchir un fossé;

∎ the horse cleared the fence with ease le cheval a sauté sans peine par-dessus ou a franchi sans peine la barrière;

∎ the plane barely cleared the trees l'avion a franchi les arbres de justesse;

∎ hang the curtains so that they just clear the floor accrochez les rideaux de façon à ce qu'ils touchent à peine le parquet

(g) (make a profit of)

∎ she cleared 10 percent on the deal l'affaire lui a rapporté 10 pour cent net ou 10 pour cent tous frais payés;

∎ I clear a thousand pounds monthly je fais un bénéfice net de mille livres par mois

(h) (dispatch → work) finir, terminer; Commerce (→ stock) liquider;

∎ he cleared the backlog of work il a rattrapé le travail en retard;

∎ we must clear this report by Friday il faut que nous nous débarrassions de ce rapport avant vendredi

(i) (settle → account) liquider, solder; (→ cheque) compenser; (→ debt) s'acquitter de; (→ dues) acquitter

(j) (of customs officer → goods) dédouaner; (→ ship) expédier

(k) (pass through)

∎ to clear customs (person) passer la douane; (shipment) être dédouané;

∎ the bill cleared the Senate le projet de loi a été voté par le Sénat

(l) Medicine (blood) dépurer, purifier; (bowels) purger, dégager

(m) Sport

∎ to clear the ball dégager le ballon

(n) Technology (decode) déchiffrer

(o) Computing

∎ to clear the screen vider l'écran

5 intransitive verb

(a) (weather) s'éclaircir, se lever; (sky) se dégager; (fog) se lever, se dissiper;

∎ it's clearing le temps se lève, le ciel se dégage

(b) (liquid) s'éclaircir; (skin) devenir plus sain; (complexion) s'éclaircir; (expression) s'éclairer;

∎ her face cleared son visage s'est éclairé

(c) (cheque) être encaissé;

∎ it takes three days for the cheque to clear il y a trois jours de délai d'encaissement

(d) (obtain clearance) recevoir l'autorisation

➲ clear away

1 separable transitive verb

(remove) enlever, ôter; (one's things) ranger;

∎ we cleared away the dishes nous avons débarrassé (la table) ou desservi

2 intransitive verb

(a) (tidy up) débarrasser, desservir

(b) (disappear → fog, mist) se dissiper

➲ clear off

1 intransitive verb

familiar filer;

∎ clear off! dégage!, fiche le camp!

2 separable transitive verb

(a) (get rid of → debt) s'acquitter de; Commerce (→ stock) liquider

(b) (remove) retirer, enlever

➲ clear out

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (tidy) nettoyer, ranger; (empty → cupboard) vider; (→ room) débarrasser

(b) (throw out → rubbish, old clothes) jeter;

∎ he cleared everything out of the house il a fait le vide dans la maison;

∎ to clear everyone out of a room faire évacuer une pièce

(c) familiar (leave without money) nettoyer, plumer;

∎ that last game cleared me out je me suis fait plumer dans cette dernière partie;

∎ I'm cleared out je suis fauché ou à sec

(d) familiar (goods, stock) épuiser

2 intransitive verb

familiar (leave building, room etc) filer, déguerpir; (leave home → spouse, partner) se tirer;

∎ he was clearing out when I arrived il faisait ses valises quand je suis arrivé;

∎ he told us to clear out il nous a ordonné de disparaître;

∎ clear out (of here)! dégage!, fiche le camp!

➲ clear up

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (settle → problem) résoudre; (→ misunderstanding) dissiper; (→ mystery) éclaircir, résoudre;

∎ can you clear up this point? pouvez-vous éclaircir ce point?;

∎ let's clear this matter up tirons cette affaire au clair

(b) (tidy up) ranger, faire du rangement dans;

∎ clear up that mess in the garden, will you? range-moi ce fouillis dans le jardin, d'accord?;

∎ I have a lot of work to clear up j'ai beaucoup de travail à rattraper

2 intransitive verb

(a) (weather) s'éclaircir, se lever; (fog, mist) se dissiper, se lever;

∎ it's clearing up le temps se lève

(b) (spots, rash) disparaître;

∎ his cold is clearing up son rhume tire à sa fin

(c) (tidy up) ranger, faire le ménage;

∎ I'm fed up with clearing up after you j'en ai assez de faire le ménage derrière toi

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > clear
8 echar

v.

1 to throw.

echar algo a la basura to throw something in the bin

Ella echa la basura She throws the garbage.

2 to put.

echa esos pantalones a la lavadora put those trousers in the washing machine

3 to pour (añadir) (vino, agua).

échame más zumo, por favor (sal, azúcar) could you pour me some more juice, please?

4 to give (decir) (discurso).

5 to post(postcard, letter).

echar algo al correo to put something in the post, to post something, to mail something (United States)

6 to give off, to emit (humo, vapor, chispas).

está que echa humo (informal figurative) she's fuming

El silenciador echa gases tóxicos The muffler emits toxic gases.

7 to sprout, to shoot (hojas, flores).

Mi mata de café echó hojitas My coffee plant sprouted leaves.

8 to lie (down).

9 to tell (buenaventura).

echar las cartas (a alguien) to read somebody's fortune (in cards)

10 to fire, to turn out, to dismiss.

La empresa echó a los empleados The company fired the employees.

11 to put in, to add in, to pour, to pour in.

Ella le echó agua al balde She put water in the pail.

12 to cast out, to throw out, to ditch, to drop.

María echó al borracho Mary cast out the wino.

13 to blame, to attribute.

Le echó la culpa a Ricardo He attributed the blame to Ricardo.

14 to blurt out.

Nos echó una andanada de insultos He blurted out insults on us.

* * *

echar

► verbo transitivo

1 (lanzar) to throw

■ echar monedas en la fuente to throw coins in the fountain

2 (dejar caer) to put, drop

3 (líquido) to pour; (comida) to give; (sal) to add, put in

4 (carta) to post, US mail

5 (expulsar) to throw out

■ lo han echado del cine he was thrown out of the cinema

6 (despedir de empleo) to sack, dismiss, fire

■ me han echado I've been sacked

7 (brotar, salir - plantas) to sprout; (- dientes) to cut; (- pelo) to grow

8 (decir) to tell

9 (emanar) to give out, give off

■ la caja de fusibles echa chispas sparks are coming out of the fuse box

10 (suponer, calcular) to guess

■ yo le echo 40 I think she's 40

11 (poner, aplicar) to put on, apply

12 (llave) to lock, turn; (cerrojo) to bolt, fasten

■ echa la llave lock the door, lock it

■ echa el cerrojo bolt the door, fasten the bolt

13 (multas, tributos) to give, impose

14 (en naipes) to deal

15 familiar (en el cine, teatro) to show, put on

■ echan una buena película en la tele there's a good film on TV

► verbo intransitivo

1 echar a + inf (empezar) to begin to

■ echó a andar he began to walk

■ echó a correr she ran off

2 echar de + inf (dar)

■ echar de comer to feed

3 echar por (seguir, ir) to take, follow

■ echó por la izquierda he went left

► verbo pronominal echarse

1 (arrojarse) to throw oneself

2 (tenderse) to lie down

■ me voy a echar un rato I'm going to lie down for a bit

3 (ponerse) to put on

4 (novio, novia) to get oneself

5 echarse a + inf (empezar) to begin to

■ se echó a reír he burst out laughing

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

echar a cara o cruz to toss for

echar a un lado to push aside

echar a perder to spoil

echar a suertes to draw lots

echar abajo→ link=echarechar por tierra

echar algo a suertes figurado to draw lots for something

echar barriga / echar carnes to put on weight

echar cuentas to calculate

echar de menos / echar en falta to miss

■ la echa de menos he misses her

echar el freno to put the brake on

echar en cara to blame

echar la buenaventura to tell somebody's fortune

echar la casa por la ventana figurado to spare no expense, splash out

echar las bases de to lay the foundations for

echar leña al fuego figurado to add fuel to the fire

echar maldiciones to curse

echar mano a algo to reach for something

echar mano de to make use of

echar pelillos a la mar figurado to bury the hatchet

echar por tierra (edificio) to demolish 2 (reputación etc) to ruin

echar un cigarrillo to smoke a cigarette

echar una mano to give a hand

echar una mirada / echar una ojeada to have a look, have a quick look

echar una parrafada to have a chat

echar una partida to play a game

echar una regañina a alguien / echar un sermón a alguien to tell somebody off

echar una siesta to have a siesta

echarse a perder (alimentos) to go bad 2 (personas) to go downhill

echarse a un lado to move to one side

echarse atrás (inclinarse) to lean back 2 (repensárselo) to have second thoughts, get cold feet

echárselas de familiar to claim to be

■ se las echa de valiente he claims to be brave

* * *

verb

1) to throw, throw out

2) fire, dismiss

3) put forth

4) add

5) launch

6) put

•

- echar a perder
- echar de menos
- echarse
* * *
Para las expresiones echar abajo, echar en cara, echar la culpa, echar en falta, echar de menos, echar a perder, echar raíces, echar a suertes, ver la otra entrada.
1. VERBO TRANSITIVO

1) (=tirar) [+ pelota, piedra, dados] to throw; [+ basura] to throw away; [+ ancla, red] to cast; [+ moneda al aire] to toss; [+ mirada] to cast, give; [+ naipe] to deal

échame las llaves — throw me the keys

échalo a la basura — throw it away

¿qué te han echado los Reyes? — ≈ what did you get for Christmas?

- echarlas

2) (=poner) to put

echar carbón a la lumbre — to put coal on the fire

he echado otra manta en la cama — I've put another blanket on the bed

¿te echo mantequilla en el pan? — shall I put some butter on your bread?

échale un poco de azúcar a la mezcla — add a little sugar to the mixture

• tengo que echar [gasolina] — I need to fill up (with petrol)
leña 1)
3) (=verter) to pour

echó un poco de vino en un vaso — he poured some wine into a glass

echar cera en un molde — to pour wax into a mould

4) (=servir) [+ bebida] to pour; [+ comida] to give

échame agua — could you give {o} pour me some water?

¿te echo más whisky? — shall I pour you some more whisky?

no me eches tanto — don't give me so much

• tengo que echar de [comer] a los animales — I have to feed the animals

lo que le echen —

resiste lo que le echen — she can take whatever they throw at her

5) (=dejar salir)

la chimenea echa humo — smoke is coming out of the chimney

¡qué peste echan tus zapatos! — * your shoes stink to high heaven! *
chispa 1., 1), espuma 1), hostia 6), leche 9), peste 3), sangre 1)
6) (=expulsar) [de casa, bar, tienda, club] to throw out; [del trabajo] to fire *, sack *; [de colegio] to expel

cuando protesté me echaron — when I protested they threw me out

me echó de su casa — he threw me out of his house

lo han echado del colegio — he's been expelled from school

la echaron del trabajo — she's been fired {o} sacked *

echar algo de sí — to get rid of sth, throw sth off

7) (=producir) [+ dientes] to cut; [+ hojas] to sprout

está empezando a echar barriga — he's starting to get a bit of a belly {o} paunch

¡vaya mal genio que has echado últimamente! — you've become {o} got really bad-tempered recently!

8) (=cerrar)

echar la llave/el cerrojo — to lock/bolt the door

echar el freno — to brake

echa la persiana — can you draw the blinds?

9) (=mover)

a) [+ parte del cuerpo]

echar la cabeza a un lado — to tilt {o} cock one's head to one side

echar el cuerpo hacia atrás — to lean back

b) (=empujando) to push

echar a algn a un lado — to push sb aside

echar atrás a la multitud — to push the crowd back

10) (=enviar) [+ carta] to post, mail (EEUU)

eché la carta en el buzón — I posted the letter

¿dónde puedo echar esta postal? — where can I post this postcard?

11) (=calcular) to reckon

¿cuántos kilos le echas? — how much do you think {o} reckon she weighs?

¿cuántos años le echas? — how old do you think {o} reckon he is?

échale una hora andando — you can reckon on it taking you an hour if you walk

12) (=dar) [+ discurso] to give, make

echar maldiciones — to curse

echar una reprimenda a algn — to tick sb off, give sb a ticking-off

he ido a que me echen las cartas — I've had my cards read

13) [con sustantivos que implican acciones] [+ trago, partida] to have

¿echamos un café? — shall we have a coffee?

salió al balcón a echar un cigarrillo — he went out onto the balcony for a smoke {o} cigarette

echar una multa a algn — to fine sb, give sb a fine
polvo 5), vistazo
14) [+ tiempo]

hay que echarle muchas horas — it takes a long time

de jóvenes nos echábamos nuestros buenos ratos de charla — we used to spend a lot of time talking when we were younger

esta semana he echado cuatro horas extras — I did four hours overtime this week

15) * [en cine, televisión] to show

echaron un programa sobre Einstein — there was a programme about Einstein on, they showed a programme about Einstein

¿qué echan en el cine? — what's on at the cinema?

16) [+ cimientos] to lay

17) (Zool) [para procrear]

ha echado a su perra con un pastor alemán — he has mated his bitch with a German shepherd

18) Caribe, Cono Sur (=azuzar) [+ animal] to urge on

2.

VERBO INTRANSITIVO (=tirar)

• ¡echa [para] adelante! — lead on!

ahora tienes que echar para adelante y olvidarte del pasado — you need to get on with your life and forget about the past

es un olor que echa para atrás — * it's a smell that really knocks you back *

echa para allá — move up

• echar [por] una calle — to go down a street

echemos por aquí — let's go this way
echar a ({+ infin})
echar a correr — to break into a run, start running

echar a reír — to burst out laughing, start laughing

3.

See:

echarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

Sentido I

1)

a) (lanzar, tirar) to throw

lo eché a la basura — I threw it out o away

echó la moneda al aire — he tossed the coin

echaron el ancla/la red — they cast anchor/their net

echó la cabeza hacia atrás — she threw her head back

le echó los brazos al cuello — she threw her arms around his neck

echar a alguien a perder — to spoil somebody

echar algo a perder — to ruin something

echar de menos algo/a alguien — to miss something/somebody

b) ( soltar)

les echaron los perros — they set the dogs on them

c) (Jueg) < carta> to play, put down

echarle las cartas a alguien — to read somebody's cards

2) ( expulsar) < persona> ( de trabajo) to fire (colloq), to sack (BrE colloq); (de bar, teatro) to throw... out; ( de colegio) to expel

me echó de casa — he threw me out (of the house)

3) < carta> to mail (AmE), to post (BrE)

4)

a) (pasar, correr) < cortinas> to pull, draw

échale (la) llave — lock it

la persiana estaba echada — the blinds were down

¿echaste el cerrojo? — did you bolt the door?

b) ( mover)

lo echó para atrás — she pushed (o moved etc) it backward(s)

5) (expeler, despedir) <olor, humo, chispas> to give off

echaba espuma por la boca — he was foaming at the mouth

6) ( producir)

a) < hojas> to sprout

ya está echando flores — it's flowering already

b) < dientes> to cut

estás echando barriga — (fam) you're getting a bit of a tummy (colloq)

Sentido II

7)

a) ( poner) <leña/carbón> to put; < gasolina> to put in

¿le echas azúcar al café? — do you take sugar in your coffee?

échale valor y díselo — (fam) just pluck up your courage and tell him

b) (servir, dar) to give

¿te echo más salsa? — do you want some more sauce?

echar de comer a los cerdos — to feed the pigs

8)

a) (decir, dirigir) <sermón/discurso> (+ me/te/le etc)

me echó un sermón — (fam) he gave me a real talking-to (colloq)

le echó una maldición — she put a curse on him

b) (fam) ( imponer) <condena/multa> (+ me/te/le etc) to give

le echaron una multa — he got a fine, they gave him a fine

me echaron dos años — I got two years (colloq)

9) (fam) ( calcular) (+ me/te/le etc)

¿cuántos años me echas? — how old do you think I am?

de aquí a tu casa échale una hora — it's o it takes about an hour from here to your house

10) (Esp fam) (dar, exhibir) <programa/película> to show

¿qué echan en la tele? — what's on TV?

Sentido III

11) <cigarillo/trago> to have

echar una firma — to sign

echar el freno — to put the brake on

me echó una mirada furibunda — she gave me a furious look

echarle la culpa a alguien — to put o lay the blame on somebody

Sentido IV

12)

echar abajo — < edificio> to pull down; < gobierno> to bring down; < proyecto> to destroy; < esperanzas> to dash; < moral> to undermine

echaron la puerta abajo — they broke the door down
2.
echar vi

1) ( empezar)

echar a + inf — to start o begin to + inf, start o begin -ing

echó a correr — he started to run o started running

las palomas echaron a volar — the doves flew off

2) ( dirigirse)

echó calle abajo — she went off down the street

echa por aquí — go down here

3)

echar para adelante or (fam) p'alante: echa para adelante un poco go forward a little; echa p'alante, que ya llegamos — keep going, we're nearly there
3.
1) echarse v pron

Sentido I

2)

a) (tirarse, arrojarse) to throw oneself

me eché al suelo — I threw myself to the ground

echarse de cabeza al agua — to dive into the water

échate hacia atrás — lean back

la noche se nos echó encima — night fell suddenly

echarse a perder — comida to go bad, go off (BrE); cosecha/proyecto/plan to be ruined

b) (tumbarse, acostarse) to lie down

c) (apartarse, moverse) (+ compl)

se echó a un lado — she moved to one side

échate un poco para allá — move over that way a bit

echarse atrás — to back out

echárselas — (Chi fam)

se las echó — he upped and left (colloq)

echárselas de algo — (fam)

se las echa de culto — he likes to think he's cultured

d) aves to brood

3)

a) ( ponerse) to put on

echarse crema — to put cream on

se echó el abrigo por los hombros — she put the coat around her shoulders

b) (Esp fam) <novio/novia>

se ha echado novia — he's found o got himself a girlfriend

c) (Méx fam) ( beberse) to drink

4) ( expulsar)

echarse un pedo — to fart (colloq)

5) (Méx fam) ( romper) to break

echarse a alguien — (Méx fam) to bump somebody off (colloq)

6) (Col fam) ( tardar) <horas/días> to take

Sentido II

7) ( empezar) echar 1)

* * *

= throw, pour (in/into), toss, sack, give + Nombre + the boot, boot (out), give + Nombre + the sack, send + Nombre + packing, turf out, give off, billow out, spout.

Ex. The point to be made for the novice abstractor is that editors are not ghouls who must be thrown raw meat before a check is issued.

Ex. The water of the stuff poured into the middle of the cylinder through its wire-mesh cover, and was immediately pumped out from one end leaving a film of fibres on the surface.

Ex. Everything being online, the exquisite oaken cabinets housing the card files were tossed.

Ex. The author warns that shortsighted companies that believe all the information they need is on the Web may sack information professionals.

Ex. He was given the boot for being discovered with a camera taking a photo of hula dancers.

Ex. As Hartwick got older, the feds decided he was a major security risk and booted him out of the program.

Ex. Justin pointed out that the government would not compromise and those found protecting illegal immigrants would be given the sack.

Ex. Those who hold this view argued that the state government lacks the political will to send them packing for good.

Ex. You will be disliked and turfed out as a sacrificial goat once your job is done but there will be many others queuing up for your services.

Ex. Once the fronds have given off their spores, they die and can be cut back.

Ex. Nearly everyone has seen a factory's smokestack billowing out black sooty smoke that dirties the air and blackens buildings.

Ex. The weather cleared enough that we could get in to the volcanic islands (still spouting plumes of smoke) by copter in safety.

----

* culpa + echar a + Nombre = blame + lay + at the feet of + Nombre.

* echando hostias = like the clappers.

* echando mecha = like the clappers.

* echar a Alguien de un Lugar = send + Nombre + on + Posesivo + way.

* echar a andar = implement, leg it.

* echar abajo = knock down.

* echar a correr = bolt, make + a bolt for, take off + running, take to + Posesivo + heels, run off.

* echar a la calle = evict, throw + Nombre + out.

* echar Algo por tierra = blow + Nombre + out of the water.

* echar amarras = moor.

* echar anclas = drop + anchor.

* echar a perder = ruin, bungle, bring out + the worst in, cast + a blight on, blight, go off.

* echar a pique = scuttle.

* echar a suerte = draw + lots.

* echar a un lado = push aside.

* echar a volar = take + flight.

* echar brotes = bud, sprout.

* echar chispas = fume, froth at + the mouth.

* echar chispas por los ojos = glower, scowl (at).

* echar coraje = pluck up + courage, gather up + courage.

* echar de menos = miss.

* echar dentro de = throw into.

* echar el ancla = drop + anchor.

* echar el candado = padlock.

* echar en cara = fault.

* echar espuma por la boca = froth at + the mouth.

* echar espumarajos por la boca = froth at + the mouth.

* echar fuera = throw + Nombre + out.

* echar gasolina = pump + gas.

* echar hojas = leaf out.

* echar humo = blow + smoke, fume, steam, smoulder [smolder, -USA], froth at + the mouth.

* echar humo por las orejas = go + berserk, go + postal, work up + a lather.

* echar la bola a rodar = get + the ball rolling, set + the ball rolling, start + the ball rolling.

* echar la culpa = place + blame, fault.

* echarle el ojo a = eye.

* echarle la culpa a = put + the blame on.

* echar leña al fuego = pour + oil on the flames.

* echarle una mano a = bat for, go to + bat for.

* echar los dientes = cut + Posesivo + teeth.

* echar los postigos = shutter.

* echarlo todo a perder = upset + the applecart.

* echarlo todo a rodar = upset + the applecart.

* echarlo todo por tierra = upset + the applecart.

* echar mano a/de = leverage.

* echar mano a los ahorros = dip into + savings.

* echar mano de = fall back on, call into + play.

* echar marcha atrás = do + an about-face, back out, back up.

* echar muchas horas al día = work + long hours.

* echar muchísimo de menos = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar muchísimo en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar mucho de menos = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar mucho en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar poco a poco = dribble.

* echar por alto = bungle.

* echar por encima = top with.

* echar por la borda = go by + the board, jettison.

* echar por tierra = scupper, blight, cast + a blight on.

* echar por tierra las ilusiones = shatter + Posesivo + hopes.

* echar por tierra los planes de Alguien = spike + Posesivo + guns.

* echar por tierra una idea = crush + idea.

* echar + Posesivo + planes a perder = upset + Posesivo + plans, ruin + Posesivo + plans.

* echar raíces = settle down, root.

* echar sal = salt.

* echar sal en la herida = add + salt to injury, add + salt to the wound, add + insult to injury, rub + salt in the wound.

* echarse = stretch out, lie down.

* echarse a la calle = take to + the road, take to + the streets.

* echarse a la calles = spill (out) into + the streets.

* echarse a temblar con sólo pensar en = shudder at + the thought of.

* echarse atrás = draw back, draw back, chicken out (on/of), back out, get + cold feet, backpedal [back-pedal].

* echarse encima de = bear down on.

* echarse flores = blow + Posesivo + own trumpet.

* écharsele a Uno el día encima = make + hay while the sun shines.

* echarse una cabezada = get + forty winks, get + some shut-eye, snatch + some shut-eye, grab + some shut-eye, snatch + forty winks, grab + forty winks, take + forty winks.

* echarse una cabezadita = get + forty winks, get + some shut-eye, snatch + some shut-eye, grab + some shut-eye, snatch + forty winks, grab + forty winks, take + forty winks.

* echarse una cana al aire = have + a fling.

* echarse una canita al aire = have + a fling.

* echarse una siesta = take + a nap, nap, napping, kip.

* echarse un duelo = duel.

* echarse un pulso = arm wrestling.

* echarse un sueñecito = get + forty winks, get + some shut-eye, snatch + some shut-eye, grab + some shut-eye, snatch + forty winks, grab + forty winks, take + forty winks.

* echarse un trago = tipple.

* echar suertes = draw + lots.

* echar toda la carne en el asador = put + all (of) + Posesivo + eggs in one basket, shoot (for) + the moon, go for + broke.

* echar una bronca = tell + Nombe + off, give + Nombre + a dressing-down, give + Nombre + a telling-off, chew + Nombre + up.

* echar una buena bronca = give + Nombre + a good roasting.

* echar una cana al aire = kick up + Posesivo + heels.

* echar una cana al aire antes de sentar la cabeza = sow + Posesivo + wild oats.

* echar una cana al aire cuando joven = sow + Posesivo + wild oats.

* echar una canica al aire = disport + Reflexivo.

* echar una mano = lend + a (helping) hand, put + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, set + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, muck in, pitch in.

* echar una mano a Alguien = give + Nombre + a hand.

* echar una meada = take + a leak, have + a leak.

* echar una mirada = take + a look at, take + a peek, peek, have + a look, cast + a glance over, look through, glance at, take + a gander.

* echar una mirada furtiva a = steal + a glance at.

* echar una mirada mortal = look + daggers at.

* echar una ojeada = look through, glance at, peek, take + a peek, take + a look at, take + a gander.

* echar una ojeada a = cast + a glance over.

* echar un cana al aire = one-night stand.

* echar un casquete = fuck, screw, get + laid.

* echar un chorro de = squirt.

* echar un conjuro = cast + a (magic) spell.

* echar un ojo = keep + an eye on, have + a look.

* echar un polvo = fuck, screw, get + laid.

* echar un rapapolvo = tell + Nombe + off, give + Nombre + a dressing-down, give + Nombre + a telling-off, chew + Nombre + up.

* echar un tupido velo sobre = draw + a veil over.

* echar un vistazo = take + a look at, glance at, check out, peek, have + a look, take + a peek, cast + a glance over, look through, browse, peruse, take + a gander.

* echar valor = pluck up + courage, muster (up) + (the) courage, gather up + courage.

* echar vino = pour + wine.

* la suerte estaba echada = the die was cast, the die had been cast.

* la suerte está echada = the die is cast.

* para echar sal en la herida = to add insult to injury, to add salt to injury, to rub salt in the wound.

* planta que echa flores = bloomer.

* salir a echarse un cigarro = go out for + a smoke.

* salir echando leches = bolt, take off, make + a bolt for, dash off, shoot off.

* ser demasiado tarde para echar atrás = reach + the point of no return.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

Sentido I

1)

a) (lanzar, tirar) to throw

lo eché a la basura — I threw it out o away

echó la moneda al aire — he tossed the coin

echaron el ancla/la red — they cast anchor/their net

echó la cabeza hacia atrás — she threw her head back

le echó los brazos al cuello — she threw her arms around his neck

echar a alguien a perder — to spoil somebody

echar algo a perder — to ruin something

echar de menos algo/a alguien — to miss something/somebody

b) ( soltar)

les echaron los perros — they set the dogs on them

c) (Jueg) < carta> to play, put down

echarle las cartas a alguien — to read somebody's cards

2) ( expulsar) < persona> ( de trabajo) to fire (colloq), to sack (BrE colloq); (de bar, teatro) to throw... out; ( de colegio) to expel

me echó de casa — he threw me out (of the house)

3) < carta> to mail (AmE), to post (BrE)

4)

a) (pasar, correr) < cortinas> to pull, draw

échale (la) llave — lock it

la persiana estaba echada — the blinds were down

¿echaste el cerrojo? — did you bolt the door?

b) ( mover)

lo echó para atrás — she pushed (o moved etc) it backward(s)

5) (expeler, despedir) <olor, humo, chispas> to give off

echaba espuma por la boca — he was foaming at the mouth

6) ( producir)

a) < hojas> to sprout

ya está echando flores — it's flowering already

b) < dientes> to cut

estás echando barriga — (fam) you're getting a bit of a tummy (colloq)

Sentido II

7)

a) ( poner) <leña/carbón> to put; < gasolina> to put in

¿le echas azúcar al café? — do you take sugar in your coffee?

échale valor y díselo — (fam) just pluck up your courage and tell him

b) (servir, dar) to give

¿te echo más salsa? — do you want some more sauce?

echar de comer a los cerdos — to feed the pigs

8)

a) (decir, dirigir) <sermón/discurso> (+ me/te/le etc)

me echó un sermón — (fam) he gave me a real talking-to (colloq)

le echó una maldición — she put a curse on him

b) (fam) ( imponer) <condena/multa> (+ me/te/le etc) to give

le echaron una multa — he got a fine, they gave him a fine

me echaron dos años — I got two years (colloq)

9) (fam) ( calcular) (+ me/te/le etc)

¿cuántos años me echas? — how old do you think I am?

de aquí a tu casa échale una hora — it's o it takes about an hour from here to your house

10) (Esp fam) (dar, exhibir) <programa/película> to show

¿qué echan en la tele? — what's on TV?

Sentido III

11) <cigarillo/trago> to have

echar una firma — to sign

echar el freno — to put the brake on

me echó una mirada furibunda — she gave me a furious look

echarle la culpa a alguien — to put o lay the blame on somebody

Sentido IV

12)

echar abajo — < edificio> to pull down; < gobierno> to bring down; < proyecto> to destroy; < esperanzas> to dash; < moral> to undermine

echaron la puerta abajo — they broke the door down
2.
echar vi

1) ( empezar)

echar a + inf — to start o begin to + inf, start o begin -ing

echó a correr — he started to run o started running

las palomas echaron a volar — the doves flew off

2) ( dirigirse)

echó calle abajo — she went off down the street

echa por aquí — go down here

3)

echar para adelante or (fam) p'alante: echa para adelante un poco go forward a little; echa p'alante, que ya llegamos — keep going, we're nearly there
3.
1) echarse v pron

Sentido I

2)

a) (tirarse, arrojarse) to throw oneself

me eché al suelo — I threw myself to the ground

echarse de cabeza al agua — to dive into the water

échate hacia atrás — lean back

la noche se nos echó encima — night fell suddenly

echarse a perder — comida to go bad, go off (BrE); cosecha/proyecto/plan to be ruined

b) (tumbarse, acostarse) to lie down

c) (apartarse, moverse) (+ compl)

se echó a un lado — she moved to one side

échate un poco para allá — move over that way a bit

echarse atrás — to back out

echárselas — (Chi fam)

se las echó — he upped and left (colloq)

echárselas de algo — (fam)

se las echa de culto — he likes to think he's cultured

d) aves to brood

3)

a) ( ponerse) to put on

echarse crema — to put cream on

se echó el abrigo por los hombros — she put the coat around her shoulders

b) (Esp fam) <novio/novia>

se ha echado novia — he's found o got himself a girlfriend

c) (Méx fam) ( beberse) to drink

4) ( expulsar)

echarse un pedo — to fart (colloq)

5) (Méx fam) ( romper) to break

echarse a alguien — (Méx fam) to bump somebody off (colloq)

6) (Col fam) ( tardar) <horas/días> to take

Sentido II

7) ( empezar) echar 1)

* * *

= throw, pour (in/into), toss, sack, give + Nombre + the boot, boot (out), give + Nombre + the sack, send + Nombre + packing, turf out, give off, billow out, spout.

Ex: The point to be made for the novice abstractor is that editors are not ghouls who must be thrown raw meat before a check is issued.

Ex: The water of the stuff poured into the middle of the cylinder through its wire-mesh cover, and was immediately pumped out from one end leaving a film of fibres on the surface.

Ex: Everything being online, the exquisite oaken cabinets housing the card files were tossed.

Ex: The author warns that shortsighted companies that believe all the information they need is on the Web may sack information professionals.

Ex: He was given the boot for being discovered with a camera taking a photo of hula dancers.

Ex: As Hartwick got older, the feds decided he was a major security risk and booted him out of the program.

Ex: Justin pointed out that the government would not compromise and those found protecting illegal immigrants would be given the sack.

Ex: Those who hold this view argued that the state government lacks the political will to send them packing for good.

Ex: You will be disliked and turfed out as a sacrificial goat once your job is done but there will be many others queuing up for your services.

Ex: Once the fronds have given off their spores, they die and can be cut back.

Ex: Nearly everyone has seen a factory's smokestack billowing out black sooty smoke that dirties the air and blackens buildings.

Ex: The weather cleared enough that we could get in to the volcanic islands (still spouting plumes of smoke) by copter in safety.

* culpa + echar a + Nombre = blame + lay + at the feet of + Nombre.

* echando hostias = like the clappers.

* echando mecha = like the clappers.

* echar a Alguien de un Lugar = send + Nombre + on + Posesivo + way.

* echar a andar = implement, leg it.

* echar abajo = knock down.

* echar a correr = bolt, make + a bolt for, take off + running, take to + Posesivo + heels, run off.

* echar a la calle = evict, throw + Nombre + out.

* echar Algo por tierra = blow + Nombre + out of the water.

* echar amarras = moor.

* echar anclas = drop + anchor.

* echar a perder = ruin, bungle, bring out + the worst in, cast + a blight on, blight, go off.

* echar a pique = scuttle.

* echar a suerte = draw + lots.

* echar a un lado = push aside.

* echar a volar = take + flight.

* echar brotes = bud, sprout.

* echar chispas = fume, froth at + the mouth.

* echar chispas por los ojos = glower, scowl (at).

* echar coraje = pluck up + courage, gather up + courage.

* echar de menos = miss.

* echar dentro de = throw into.

* echar el ancla = drop + anchor.

* echar el candado = padlock.

* echar en cara = fault.

* echar espuma por la boca = froth at + the mouth.

* echar espumarajos por la boca = froth at + the mouth.

* echar fuera = throw + Nombre + out.

* echar gasolina = pump + gas.

* echar hojas = leaf out.

* echar humo = blow + smoke, fume, steam, smoulder [smolder, -USA], froth at + the mouth.

* echar humo por las orejas = go + berserk, go + postal, work up + a lather.

* echar la bola a rodar = get + the ball rolling, set + the ball rolling, start + the ball rolling.

* echar la culpa = place + blame, fault.

* echarle el ojo a = eye.

* echarle la culpa a = put + the blame on.

* echar leña al fuego = pour + oil on the flames.

* echarle una mano a = bat for, go to + bat for.

* echar los dientes = cut + Posesivo + teeth.

* echar los postigos = shutter.

* echarlo todo a perder = upset + the applecart.

* echarlo todo a rodar = upset + the applecart.

* echarlo todo por tierra = upset + the applecart.

* echar mano a/de = leverage.

* echar mano a los ahorros = dip into + savings.

* echar mano de = fall back on, call into + play.

* echar marcha atrás = do + an about-face, back out, back up.

* echar muchas horas al día = work + long hours.

* echar muchísimo de menos = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar muchísimo en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar mucho de menos = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar mucho en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar poco a poco = dribble.

* echar por alto = bungle.

* echar por encima = top with.

* echar por la borda = go by + the board, jettison.

* echar por tierra = scupper, blight, cast + a blight on.

* echar por tierra las ilusiones = shatter + Posesivo + hopes.

* echar por tierra los planes de Alguien = spike + Posesivo + guns.

* echar por tierra una idea = crush + idea.

* echar + Posesivo + planes a perder = upset + Posesivo + plans, ruin + Posesivo + plans.

* echar raíces = settle down, root.

* echar sal = salt.

* echar sal en la herida = add + salt to injury, add + salt to the wound, add + insult to injury, rub + salt in the wound.

* echarse = stretch out, lie down.

* echarse a la calle = take to + the road, take to + the streets.

* echarse a la calles = spill (out) into + the streets.

* echarse a temblar con sólo pensar en = shudder at + the thought of.

* echarse atrás = draw back, draw back, chicken out (on/of), back out, get + cold feet, backpedal [back-pedal].

* echarse encima de = bear down on.

* echarse flores = blow + Posesivo + own trumpet.

* écharsele a Uno el día encima = make + hay while the sun shines.

* echarse una cabezada = get + forty winks, get + some shut-eye, snatch + some shut-eye, grab + some shut-eye, snatch + forty winks, grab + forty winks, take + forty winks.

* echarse una cabezadita = get + forty winks, get + some shut-eye, snatch + some shut-eye, grab + some shut-eye, snatch + forty winks, grab + forty winks, take + forty winks.

* echarse una cana al aire = have + a fling.

* echarse una canita al aire = have + a fling.

* echarse una siesta = take + a nap, nap, napping, kip.

* echarse un duelo = duel.

* echarse un pulso = arm wrestling.

* echarse un sueñecito = get + forty winks, get + some shut-eye, snatch + some shut-eye, grab + some shut-eye, snatch + forty winks, grab + forty winks, take + forty winks.

* echarse un trago = tipple.

* echar suertes = draw + lots.

* echar toda la carne en el asador = put + all (of) + Posesivo + eggs in one basket, shoot (for) + the moon, go for + broke.

* echar una bronca = tell + Nombe + off, give + Nombre + a dressing-down, give + Nombre + a telling-off, chew + Nombre + up.

* echar una buena bronca = give + Nombre + a good roasting.

* echar una cana al aire = kick up + Posesivo + heels.

* echar una cana al aire antes de sentar la cabeza = sow + Posesivo + wild oats.

* echar una cana al aire cuando joven = sow + Posesivo + wild oats.

* echar una canica al aire = disport + Reflexivo.

* echar una mano = lend + a (helping) hand, put + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, set + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, muck in, pitch in.

* echar una mano a Alguien = give + Nombre + a hand.

* echar una meada = take + a leak, have + a leak.

* echar una mirada = take + a look at, take + a peek, peek, have + a look, cast + a glance over, look through, glance at, take + a gander.

* echar una mirada furtiva a = steal + a glance at.

* echar una mirada mortal = look + daggers at.

* echar una ojeada = look through, glance at, peek, take + a peek, take + a look at, take + a gander.

* echar una ojeada a = cast + a glance over.

* echar un cana al aire = one-night stand.

* echar un casquete = fuck, screw, get + laid.

* echar un chorro de = squirt.

* echar un conjuro = cast + a (magic) spell.

* echar un ojo = keep + an eye on, have + a look.

* echar un polvo = fuck, screw, get + laid.

* echar un rapapolvo = tell + Nombe + off, give + Nombre + a dressing-down, give + Nombre + a telling-off, chew + Nombre + up.

* echar un tupido velo sobre = draw + a veil over.

* echar un vistazo = take + a look at, glance at, check out, peek, have + a look, take + a peek, cast + a glance over, look through, browse, peruse, take + a gander.

* echar valor = pluck up + courage, muster (up) + (the) courage, gather up + courage.

* echar vino = pour + wine.

* la suerte estaba echada = the die was cast, the die had been cast.

* la suerte está echada = the die is cast.

* para echar sal en la herida = to add insult to injury, to add salt to injury, to rub salt in the wound.

* planta que echa flores = bloomer.

* salir a echarse un cigarro = go out for + a smoke.

* salir echando leches = bolt, take off, make + a bolt for, dash off, shoot off.

* ser demasiado tarde para echar atrás = reach + the point of no return.

* * *

echar [A1 ]

GUIA DE BUSQUEDA

■ echar (verbo transitivo)

Sentido I

A

1 lanzar, tirar

2 soltar

3 Juegos: cartas

B expulsar: persona

C echar: carta

D

1 pasar, correr

2 mover

E despedir: humo

F

1 echar: hojas

2 echar: dientes

Sentido II

A

1 poner

2 servir, dar

B

1 dirigir: sermón, discurso

2 imponer

C calcular

D dar: programa, película

E pasar: tiempo

Sentido III con sustantivos

Sentido IV

A echar abajo

B echar de ver

■ echar (verbo intransitivo)

A empezar

B dirigirse

C echar para adelante

■ echarse (verbo pronominal)

Sentido I

A

1 tirarse, arrojarse

2 tumbarse, acostarse

3 apartarse, moverse

B

1 ponerse

2 echarse novio/novia

3 tragarse

C expulsar

D romper

E tardar

Sentido II echarse a + infinitivo

vt

Sentido I

A

1 (lanzar, tirar) to throw

echó la botella por la ventanilla she threw the bottle out of the window

lo eché a la basura I threw it out o away

echó la moneda al aire he tossed the coin

echó una piedra al agua she threw a stone into the water

échame la pelota throw me the ball, throw the ball to me

echaron el ancla they cast their anchor o dropped anchor

echó la red he cast his net

echó la cabeza hacia atrás she threw her head back

echó la mano a la pistola he grabbed o made a grab for his gun

le echó los brazos al cuello she threw her arms around his neck

echar a algn a perder to spoil sb

echar algo a perder ‹sorpresa/preparativos› to spoil sth, ruin sth

ha luchado tanto y ahora lo echa todo a perder he's fought so hard and now he's throwing it all away

la helada echó a perder la cosecha the frost ruined the harvest

echar de menos algo/a algn to miss sth/sb

¿cuándo lo echaste de menos? when did you miss it o realize it was missing?

te echo mucho de menos I really miss you, I miss you terribly

2

(soltar): les echaron los perros they set the dogs on them

echó el semental a la yegua he put the mare to the stud

3 ( Juegos) ‹carta› to play, put down

echarle las cartas a algn to read sb's cards

B (expulsar) ‹persona› (de un trabajo) to fire ( colloq), to sack ( BrE colloq); (de un bar, teatro) to throw … out; (de un colegio) to expel

me echaron (del trabajo) I was fired, I got the sack ( BrE)

me echó de casa he threw o turned me out (of the house)

entre dos camareros lo echaron a la calle two of the waiters threw him out

C ‹carta› to mail ( AmE), to post ( BrE)

D

1 (pasar, correr) ‹cortinas› to pull, draw

échale la llave lock it

la persiana estaba echada the blinds were down

¿echaste el cerrojo? did you bolt the door?

2

(mover): échalo a un lado push it to one side

lo echó para atrás she pushed ( o moved etc) it backward(s)

E

(expeler, despedir): echaba espuma por la boca he was foaming at the mouth

el motor echa mucho humo there's a lot of smoke coming from the engine

el volcán echaba humo y lava the volcano was belching out smoke and lava

¡qué peste echa esa fábrica! ( fam); what a stink that factory gives off! ( colloq)

chispa² (↑ chispa (2))

F (producir)

1 ‹hojas› to sprout

la planta ya está echando flores the plant is already flowering

2 ‹dientes› to cut

estás echando barriga ( fam); you're getting a bit of a tummy ( colloq)

Sentido II

A

1 (poner) to put

le echaste mucha sal a la sopa you put too much salt in the soup

¿cuánto azúcar le echas al café? how many sugars do you take in your coffee?

echa esa camisa a la ropa sucia put that shirt in with the dirty laundry, put that shirt out for the wash

echa más leña al fuego put some more wood on the fire

¿qué te echaron los Reyes? ( Esp); ≈ what did Santa bring you?

échale valor y díselo ( fam); just pluck up your courage and tell him

2 (servir, dar) to give

échame un poquito de vino can you pour o give me a little wine?

¿te echo más salsa? do you want some more sauce?

tenía que echar de comer a los cerdos he had to feed the pigs

tengo que echarles de comer a los niños ( fam hum); I have to feed the children, I have to get the children's dinner ( o lunch etc)

lo que me/le echen ( Esp fam): yo, de trabajo, lo que me echen I'll do whatever needs doing ( colloq)

éste come lo que le echen he'll eat whatever's put in front of him ( colloq)

B

1 (dirigir) ‹sermón/discurso› (+ me/te/le etc):

me echó un sermón por llegar tarde ( fam); he gave me a real talking-to for being late ( colloq)

nos echó un discurso de dos horas ( fam); she gave us a two-hour lecture ( colloq)

le echó una maldición she put a curse on him

peste

2 ( fam) (imponer) ‹condena/multa› (+ me/te/le etc) to give

le echaron una multa he was fined, they gave him a fine, he got a fine

me echaron dos años I got two years ( colloq)

C ( fam) (calcular) (+ me/te/le etc):

¿cuántos años me echas? how old do you think I am?

le echo 20 años I'd say he was 20, I'd put him at 20 ( colloq)

¿cuánto te costó? — ¿cuánto le echas? how much did it cost you? — how much do you think? o have a guess

de aquí a tu casa échale una media hora it's o it takes about half an hour from here to your house

D ( Esp fam) (dar, exhibir) ‹programa/película› to show

¿qué echan en el Imperial? what are they showing at the Imperial?, what's on at the Imperial?

¿qué echan en la tele esta noche? what's on TV tonight?

E ( Esp fam) (pasar) ‹tiempo› to spend

echamos un rato agradable con ellos we spent o had a pleasant few hours with them

Sentido III ( con sustantivos):

echar un cigarrillo ( fam); to have a cigarette

echar una firma ( fam); to sign

echar el freno to put the brake on

me echó una mirada furibunda she gave o threw me a furious look

echaron unas manos de póquer they played o had a few hands of poker

cuenta¹ f A 1. (↑ cuenta (1)), culpa, mirada, partida, siesta, etc

Sentido IV

A

echar abajo ‹edificio› to pull down;

‹gobierno› to bring down; ‹proyecto› to destroy; ‹esperanzas› to dash

nos echó abajo la moral it undermined our morale

echaron la puerta abajo they broke the door down

tierra

B

echar de ver to notice, realize

se echa de ver que está muy triste it's obvious that o you can see that she's not very happy

■ echar

vi

A (empezar) echar A + INF to start o begin to + INF, start o begin -ING

al ver que lo seguían echó a correr when he saw they were following him he started to run o started running o broke into a run

echó a andar sin esperarnos he set off without waiting for us

el motor echó a andar a la primera the engine started (the) first time

las palomas echaron a volar the doves flew off

B

(dirigirse): echó calle abajo she went off down the street

echa por aquí a ver si podemos aparcar go down here to see if we can find a place to park

echaron por la primera calle a la derecha they took the first street on the right

C

echar para adelante or ( fam) p'alante: echa para adelante un poco, si no vas a bloquear la salida del garaje go forward a little, or else you'll block the garage exit

echa p'alante y verás cómo te sale bien go for it! everything will turn out all right, you'll see ( colloq)

echa p'alante, que ya llegamos keep going, we're nearly there

■ echarse

v pron

Sentido I

A

1 (tirarse, arrojarse) to throw oneself

nos echamos al suelo we threw ourselves to the ground

se echó en sus brazos she threw o flung herself into his arms

se echó de cabeza al agua she dived into the water

échate hacia atrás lean back

la noche se nos echó encima night fell suddenly, it was night before we knew it

echarse a perder «comida» to go bad, go off ( BrE);

«proyecto/preparativos» to be ruined

se me echó a perder el televisor my television's broken

era muy bonita pero se ha echado a perder she used to be very pretty but she's lost her looks

desde que se ha juntado con ellos se ha echado a perder since he started hanging out with them he's gone off the rails ( colloq)

encima

2 (tumbarse, acostarse) to lie down

se echó en la cama he lay down on the bed

me voy a echar un rato I'm going to lie down for a while, I'm going to have a lie-down ( BrE)

3 (apartarse, moverse) (+ compl):

se echó a un lado she moved to one side

me tuve que echar a la cuneta I had to go off the edge of the road

échate para allá y nos podremos sentar todos if you move over that way a bit we can all sit down

echarse atrás to back out

dijo que iba a venir, pero luego se echó atrás she said she was going to come, but then she changed her mind o pulled out o backed out

cuando vieron que iba a ser difícil se echaron atrás when they saw that it was going to be difficult, they got cold feet o backed out

echárselas ( Chi fam): el jefe no le quiso pagar más y se las echó the boss didn't want to pay him any more so he upped and left ( colloq)

se las echó cerro arriba he went off up the hill

echárselas de algo ( fam): se las echa de culto he likes to think he's cultured

se las echa de gran conocedor de vinos he claims to be o makes out he is a bit of a wine connoisseur, he likes to think of himself as o ( BrE) he fancies himself as a bit of a wine connoisseur ( colloq)

B

1 (ponerse) to put on

échate crema o te quemarás con este sol put some cream on or you'll burn in this sun

se echó el abrigo por los hombros she threw the coat around her shoulders

espalda

2 ( fam) ‹novio/novia›

se ha echado novia he's found o got himself a girlfriend

3 ( Méx fam) (tragarse) to drink

C (expulsar) ‹pedo›

¿quién se ha echado un pedo? who's let off o farted? ( colloq)

D ( Méx fam) (romper) to break

echarse a algn al plato ( Méx fam); to bump sb off ( colloq)

E ( Col fam) (tardar) ‹horas/días› to take

Sentido II (empezar) echarse A + INF to start -ING o start to + INF

se echó a llorar he started crying o to cry, he burst into tears

se echaron a reír they started laughing o to laugh, they burst out laughing

se echó a correr cuesta abajo he ran o he set off at a run down the hill

sólo de pensarlo me echo a temblar just thinking about it gives me the shivers ( colloq)

* * *

echar ( conjugate echar) verbo transitivo
1
a) (lanzar, tirar) to throw;

◊ lo eché a la basura I threw it out o away;

echó la moneda al aire he tossed the coin;
echaron el ancla/la red they cast anchor/their net;
echó la cabeza hacia atrás she threw her head back;
echar algo a perder to ruin sth;
echar de menos algo/a algn to miss sth/sb
b)

◊ echar abajo ‹ edificio› to pull down;

‹ gobierno› to bring down;
‹ proyecto› to destroy;
‹ esperanzas› to dash;
‹ moral› to undermine;
‹puerta/valla› to break … down
2 ( expulsar) ‹ persona› ( de trabajo) to fire (colloq), to sack (BrE colloq);
(de bar, casa) to throw … out;
( de colegio) to expel
3 ‹ carta› to mail (AmE), to post (BrE)
4
a) (pasar, correr) ‹ cortinas› to pull, draw;

◊ échale (la) llave lock it;

¿echaste el cerrojo? did you bolt the door?
b) ( mover):

◊ lo echó para atrás/a un lado she pushed (o moved etc) it backward(s)/to one side

5
a) (expeler, despedir) ‹olor/humo/chispas› to give off

b) ( producir) ‹ hojas› to sprout;

◊ ya está echando flores it's flowering already

1
a) ( poner) ‹leña/carbón› to put;

‹ gasolina› to put in;
◊ ¿le echas azúcar al café? do you take sugar in your coffee?

b) (servir, dar) to give;

◊ échame un poco de vino can you give me a little wine?

c) ‹ trago› to have

2
a) ‹sermón/discurso› (fam) (+ me/te/le etc) to give;

◊ le echó una maldición she put a curse on him

b) (fam) ‹condena/multa› (+ me/te/le etc) to give;

◊ echarle la culpa a algn to put o lay the blame on sb

3 (fam) ( calcular) (+ me/te/le etc):
◊ ¿cuántos años me echas? how old do you think I am?;

de aquí a tu casa échale una hora it's o it takes about an hour from here to your house
4 (Esp fam) (dar, exhibir) ‹programa/película› to show
echarse verbo pronominal
1
a) (tirarse, arrojarse) to throw oneself;

◊ me eché al suelo I threw myself to the ground;

echarse de cabeza al agua to dive into the water;
echarse a perder [ comida] to go bad, go off (BrE);

[cosecha/proyecto/plan] to be ruined
b) (tumbarse, acostarse) to lie down

c) (apartarse, moverse) (+ compl):

◊ se echó a un lado she moved to one side;

échate un poco para allá move over that way a bit;
echarse atrás to back out
2
a) ( ponerse) ‹crema/bronceador› to put on

b) ‹ cigarillo› to have

c) (Esp fam) ‹novio/novia›:

◊ se ha echado novia he's found o got himself a girlfriend

d) (Méx fam) ( beberse) to drink

3 (Méx fam) ( romper) to break
4 (Col fam) ( tardar) ‹horas/días› to take
5 ( empezar) echarse a to start o begin to, start o begin;
◊ se echó a correr he started to run o started running;

las palomas se echaron a volar the doves flew off
echar
I verbo transitivo
1 (por el aire) to throw: ¡echa la pelota!, throw us the ball
2 (añadir) to put
(una bebida) to pour
(gasolina) to put petrol (in the car): échale más agua al caldo, put more water in the soup
3 (despedir: humo, olor) to give off: este motor echa chispas, there are sparks coming out of this engine
(del trabajo) to sack, fire
(obligar a salir) to throw out: le echaron del instituto, they expelled him from school
4 (calcular subjetivamente) to reckon: le echó más años, he thought she was older
5 fam (un espectáculo) to show
6 (derribar) echar abajo, (edificio) to demolish
7 (+ sustantivo) figurado échale una ojeada a esto, have a look at this
figurado echarle una mano a alguien, to give sb a hand
8 echar de menos o en falta, to miss ➣ Ver nota en miss
II vi (+ a + infinitivo) (empezar) to begin to: echó a andar, she started to walk
de repente echó a correr, she suddenly started to run
' echar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
añorar
- balón
- bautizar
- borda
- botar
- bronca
- buenaventura
- cabezada
- campana
- cana
- capote
- cara
- cierre
- correo
- extrañar
- falta
- guante
- jarra
- jarro
- leña
- mano
- mirada
- ojo
- olvidarse
- papilla
- película
- perder
- peste
- polvo
- pulso
- resto
- saco
- salar
- sapo
- siesta
- sortear
- suerte
- tierra
- tirar
- vista
- vistazo
- amarra
- ancla
- barriga
- basura
- brote
- buzón
- calle
- carta
- casa
English:
anchor
- arm wrestle
- belch
- blame
- boot
- boot out
- brake
- browse
- bud
- cast
- catapult
- chase away
- chuck out
- demolish
- dip into
- discharge
- door
- doze
- draw
- evict
- explode
- eye
- fill out
- fire
- forget
- froth
- fuel
- fume
- glance down
- glance round
- hair
- hex
- jettison
- kick out
- lace
- launch
- lay
- lend
- lie down
- lock up
- look
- lot
- mail
- miss
- muck up
- peep
- post
- puff
- pull apart
- put

* * *

echar

♦ vt

1. [tirar] to throw;
[red] to cast;
echar anclas, echar el ancla to drop anchor;

échame el balón throw me the ball;

echar algo a la basura to throw sth in the Br bin o US garbage can;

echar una moneda al aire to toss a coin;

échalo en la cesta de la ropa sucia put it in the dirty-clothes basket;

echar una piedra por la ventana to throw a stone through the window;

echar abajo [edificio] to pull down, to demolish;
[puerta] to break down; [gobierno] to bring down; [proyecto] to ruin
2. [meter, poner] to put;

echa suficiente ropa en la maleta make sure you pack enough clothes in your suitcase;

échalo en el asiento de atrás put it on the back seat;

echa esta camisa a la lavadora put that shirt in the washing machine;

echa una firma en esta postal sign o put your name on this postcard;

Comp

echar leña al fuego to add fuel to the fire;

Comp
Fam
echar el resto: queda sólo una semana, ahora hay que echar el resto there's only a week to go, so from now on we really have to give it our all

3. [carta, postal] to post, US to mail;

¿(me) podrías echar esta carta? could you post o US mail this letter (for me)?;

echó la carta al buzón y siguió caminando he put the letter in the postbox o US mailbox and walked on;

echar algo al correo to put sth in the post, to post sth, US to mail sth

4. [trago, sorbo] to take, to have;
[cigarrillo] to have
5. [vistazo] to take, to have;

le he echado una mirada, pero no me parece interesante I've had a look at it, but I don't think it's very interesting

6. [mover] [parte del cuerpo]
echa la pierna a un lado move your leg aside;

echó la cabeza hacia atrás she threw her head back;

echa los hombros para atrás y saca el pecho put your shoulders back and stick your chest out

7. [añadir] [vino, agua] to pour (a o en into); [sal, azúcar] to add (a o en to);
échame más agua, por favor could you pour me some more water, please?;

no me eches tanta azúcar en el café don't put so much sugar in my coffee

8. [dar] [comida, bebida] to give;

echa alpiste al canario give the canary some birdseed;

hay que echar agua a las plantas we need to water the plants;

Comp
Fam
lo que me/te/le etc[m5]. echen: [m5] Alberto come lo que le echen Alberto will eat whatever you put in front of him;

es un hombre muy paciente, aguanta lo que le eches he's a very patient man, he puts up with anything you can throw at him

9. [decir] [discurso, sermón] to give;
[reprimenda] to dish out; [piropo, cumplido] to pay;
echar una maldición a alguien to put a curse on sb;
Fam
le echaron una bronca por llegar tarde they told her off for arriving late;

me echó en cara que no le hubiera ayudado she reproached me for not helping her

10. [humo, vapor, chispas] to give off, to emit;

la fábrica echa mucho humo a la atmósfera the factory pours out a lot of smoke into the atmosphere;

Comp
Fam
está que echa humo he's fuming;

Comp
Fam
echar pestes o Méx [m5]madres: volvió de vacaciones echando pestes o Méx [m5] madres del lugar she came back from her Br holiday o US vacation cursing the place where she had stayed

11. [hojas, flores] to sprout, to shoot;
[raíces, pelo, barba] to begin to grow; [diente] to cut;
los almendros están echando flores the almond trees are beginning to flower;

está empezando a echar los dientes she's beginning to cut her teeth;
Fam
en los últimos meses ha echado mucha barriga he's developed quite a paunch over the past few months

12. [expulsar]
echar a alguien (de) to throw sb out (of);

le han echado del partido he's been expelled from the party;

le echaron de clase por hablar con un compañero he was thrown o sent out of the class for talking to a friend

13. [despedir]
echar a alguien (de) to fire o sack sb (from);

¡que lo echen! fire him!, sack him!, kick him out!

14. [accionar]
echar la llave/el cerrojo to lock/bolt the door;

echar el freno to brake, to put the brakes on;
Fam Fig
¡echa el freno! ¿estás seguro de que podemos pagarlo? hold your horses, are you sure we can afford it?

15. [acostar] to lie (down);

¿has echado al bebé? have you put the baby to bed?

16. [tiempo]
le he echado dos semanas a este proyecto I've taken two weeks over this project, I've spent two weeks on this project;

echaron dos horas en llegar a Bogotá it took them two hours to get to Bogotá

17. [calcular]
¿cuántos años le echas? how old do you reckon he is?;

siempre me echan años de menos people always think I'm younger than I really am;

échale que de aquí a Málaga haya 600 kilómetros let's say it's about 600 kilometres from here to Malaga

18. [naipe, partida] to play;

te echo una carrera I'll race you;

¿echamos un dominó? shall we have a game of dominoes?

19. [buenaventura] to tell;

echar las cartas a alguien to read sb's fortune [from the cards]

20. [emplear]
le echó muchas ganas al asunto he went about it with a will;

le echan mucha ilusión a todo lo que hacen they put a lot of enthusiasm into everything they do;

échale más brío al pedaleo put a bit more energy into the pedalling;

los ladrones le echaron mucho ingenio the thieves showed a lot of ingenuity

21. Fam [sentencia]
le echaron diez años he got ten years

22. Fam [documento]
tengo que ir a echar una instancia al Ministerio I've got to go and hand in a form at the ministry

23. Esp Fam [en televisión, cine, teatro] to show;

¿qué echan esta noche en la tele? what's on TV o Br telly tonight?;

¿qué echan en el Rialto? what's on o showing at the Rialto?;

echan una película de acción they're showing an action movie

24. Am [animales] to urge on

25. [otras contrucciones]
echar a perder algo [vestido, alimentos, plan] to ruin sth;
[ocasión] to waste sth;
no puedes echar todo a perder, después de tanto esfuerzo you can't just throw it all away after all that effort;

echar algo a cara o cruz to toss (a coin) for sth;

echar algo a suertes to draw lots for sth;

echar de menos to miss;

le echa mucho de menos he misses her a lot;

echo de menos mi casa I miss my house;
Chile
echarlas to run away;

echar algo por tierra to put paid to sth, to ruin sth;

eso echa por tierra todas nuestras esperanzas that dashes all our hopes

♦ vi

1. [encaminarse]
echar por la calle arriba to go o head up the street;

echar por la derecha to go (to the) right

2. [empezar]
echar a andar to set off;

echar a correr to break into a run;

echar a llorar to burst into tears;

echar a reír to burst out laughing;

echar a volar to fly off

♦ See also the pronominal verb echarse

* * *

echar

I v/t

1 ( lanzar) throw; de un lugar throw out;

lo han echado del trabajo he’s been fired;

echar abajo pull down, destroy

2 humo give off

3 ( poner) put

4 carta mail, Br tb

post

5

:

echar la culpa a alguien blame s.o., put the blame on s.o.;

me echó 40 años he thought I was 40

II v/i

:

echar a start to, begin to;

echar a correr start o begin to run, start running

* * *

echar vt

1) lanzar: to throw, to cast, to hurl

2) expulsar: to throw out, to expel

3) emitir: to emit, give off

4) brotar: to sprout, to put forth

5) despedir: to fire, to dismiss

6) : to put in, to add

7)

echar a perder : to spoil, to ruin

8)

echar de menos : to miss

echan de menos a su madre: they miss their mother

echar vi

1) : to start off

2)

echar a : to begin to

♦ See also the reflexive verb echarse

* * *

echar vb

1. (tirar) to throw [pt. threw; pp. thrown]

échame la pelota throw me the ball

2. (expulsar) to expel [pt. & pp. expelled] / to throw out

lo han echado del colegio he's been expelled from school

nos echó de su casa she threw us out of her house

3. (poner) to put [pt. & pp. put]

¿has echado sal al arroz? have you put any salt in the rice?

4. (dar) to give [pt. gave; pp. given]

me has echado demasiado, no creo que pueda comérmelo you've given me too much I don't think I can eat it all

mi padre me ha echado un sermón my father gave me a lecture

5. (verter) to pour

échame un poco de zumo pour me some juice

6. (emitir) to give out

la chimenea echa mucho humo there's a lot of smoke coming from the chimney

7. (jugar) to play / to have

¿echamos una partida de ajedrez? shall we have a game of chess?

8. (proyectar) to be on

¿qué echan hoy en televisión? what's on television tonight?

9. (calcular) to think [pt. & pp. thought] / to guess

¿cuántos años me echas? how old do you think I am?

te echo 25 años I think you're 25

echar a cara o cruz to toss a coin for it

echar a hacer algo to start doing something

echar de menos to miss

echar el cerrojo to bolt the door

echar una carta al buzón to post a letter

echar una mirada to look

Spanish-English dictionary > echar
9 FYRIR

for

* * *

prep.

I. with dat.

1) before, in front of (ok vóru fyrir honum borin merkin);

fyrir dyrum, before the door;

2) before one, in one’s presence;

hón nefndist fyrir þeim Gunnhildr, she told them that her name was G.;

3) for;

hann lét ryðja fyrir þeim búðina, he had the booth cleared for them, for their reception;

4) before one, in one’s way;

fjörðr varð fyrir þeim, they came to a fjord;

sitja fyrir e-m, to lie in wait for one;

5) naut. term. before, off;

liggja fyrir bryggjum, to lie off the piers;

fyrir Humru-mynni, off the Humber;

6) before, at the head of, over;

vera fyrir liði, to be over the troops;

vera fyrir máli, to lead the case;

sitja fyrir svörum, to undertake the defence;

7) of time, ago;

fyrir þrem nóttum, three nights ago;

fyrir stundu, a while ago;

fyrir löngu, long ago;

vera fyrir e-u, to forebode (of a dream);

8) before, above, superior to;

Hálfdan svarti var fyrir þeim brœðrum, H. was the foremost of the brothers;

9) denoting disadvantige, harm, suffering;

þú lætr Egil vefja öll mál fyrir þér, thou lettest E. thwart all thy affairs;

tók at eyðast fyrir herm lausa-fé, her money began to fail;

10) denoting obstacle, hindrance;

mikit gøri þer mér fyrir þessu máli, you make this case hard for me;

varð honum lítit fyrir því, it was a small matter for him;

Ásgrími þótti þungt fyrir, A. thought that things looked bad;

11) because of, for;

hon undi sér hvergri fyrir verkjum, she had no rest for pains;

fyrir hræðslu, for fear;

illa fœrt fyrir ísum, scarcely, passable for ice;

gáðu þeir eigi fyrir veiðum at fá heyjanna, because of fishing, they neglected to make hay;

fyrir því at, because, since, as;

12) against;

gæt þín vel fyrir konungi ok hans mönnum, guard thee well against the king and his men;

beiða griða Baldri fyrir alls konar háska, against all kinds of harm;

13) fyrir sér, of oneself;

mikill fyrir sér, strong, powerful;

minnstr fyrir sér, smallest, weakest;

14) denoting manner or quality, with;

hvítr fyrir hærum, while with hoary hair;

II. with acc.

1) before, in front of;

halda fyrir augu sér, to hold (one’s hands) before one’s eyes;

2) before, into the presence of;

stefna e-m fyrir dómstól, before a court;

3) over;

hlaupa fyrir björg, to leap over a precipice;

kasta fyrir borð, to throw overboard;

4) in one’s way, crossing one’s way;

ríða á leið fyrir þá, to ride in their way, so as to meet them;

5) round, off;

sigla fyrir nes, to weather a point;

6) along, all along;

fyrir endilangan Noreg, all along Norway, from one end to the other;

draga ör fyrir odd, to draw the arrow past the point;

7) of time, fyrir dag, before day;

fyrir e-s minni, before one’s memory;

8) for, on behalf of;

vil ek bjóða at fara fyrir þik, I will offer to go for thee, in thy stead;

lögvörn fyrir mál, a lawful defence for a case;

9) for, for the benefit of;

þeir skáru fyrir þá melinn, they cut the lyme-grass for them (the horses);

10) for, instead of, in place of, as;

11) for, because of (vilja Gunnar dauðan fyrir höggit);

fyrir þín orð, for thy words (intercession);

fyrir sína vinsæld, by reason of his popularity;

12) denoting value, price;

fyrir þrjár merkr, for three marks;

fyrir hvern mun, by all means, at any cost;

13) in spite of, against (giptast fyrir ráð e-s);

14) joined with adverbs ending in -an, governing acc. (fyrir austan, vestan, sunnan, norðan, útan innan, framan, handan, ofan, neðan);

fyrir austan, sunnan fjall, east, south of the fell;

fyrir neðan brú, below the bridge;

fyrir handan á, beyond the river;

fyrir innan garð, inside the fence;

III. as adverb or ellipt.

1) ahead, before, opp. to eptir;

þá var eigi hins verra eptir ván, er slíkt fór fyrir, when this came first, preceded;

2) first;

mun ek þar eptir gera sem þér gerit fyrir, I shall do to you according as you do first;

3) at hand, present, to the fore;

föng þau, er fyrir vóru, stores that were at hand;

þar var fyrir fjöldi boðsmanna, a host of guests was already present (before the bride and bridegroom came);

4) e-m verðr e-t fyrir, one takes a certain step, acts so and so;

Kolbeini varð ekki fyrir, K. was at a loss what to do;

e-t mælist vel (illa) fyrir, a thing is well (ill) spoken or reported of (kvæðit mæltist vel fyrir).

* * *

prep., in the Editions spelt differently; in MSS. this word is usually abbreviated either  (i. e. firir), or Ꝼ̆, fur͛, fvr͛ (i. e. fyrir); in some MSS. it is idiomatically spelt with i, fir͛, e. g. Arna-Magn. 382 (Bs. i. 263 sqq.); and even in the old Miracle-book Arna-Magn. 645 (Bs. i. 333 sqq.), just as ifir is written for yfir ( over); in a few MSS. it is written as a monosyllable fyr, e. g. D. I. i. 475, Mork. passim; in Kb. (Sæm.-Edda) occurs fyr telia, Vsp. I; fyr norðan, 36; fyr dyrum, Gm. 22; fyr vestan ver, Hkv. 2. 8; in other places as a dissyll. fyrir, e. g. Hm. 56, Gm. 54, Skm. 34, Ls. 15, Am. 64, Hkv. 2. 2, 19 (quoted from Bugge’s edition, see his preface, p. xvi); fyr and fyrir stand to one another in the same relation as ept to eptir, und to undir, of ( super) to yfir: this monosyllabic form is obsolete, save in the compds, where ‘for-’ is more common than ‘fyrir-;’ in some cases both forms are used, e. g. for-dæming and fyrir-dæming; in others only one, but without any fixed rule: again, the forms fyri, fyre, or fire, which are often used in Edd., are just as wrong, as if one were to say epti, undi, yfi; yet this spelling is found now and then in MSS., as, fyre, Ó. H. (facsimile); fire, Grág. Sb. ii. 288 (also facsimile): the particles í and á are sometimes added, í fur, Fms. iv. 137; í fyrir, passim; á fur, Haustl. 1. [Ulf. faur and faura; A. S. fore and for; Engl. for and fore-; Germ. für and vor; Dan. for; Swed. för; Gr. προ-; Lat. pro, prae.]

WITH DAT., chiefly without the notion of movement.

A. LOCAL:

I. before, in front of; fyrir dyrum, before the doors, at the doors, Nj. 14, Vsp. 53, Hm. 69, Edda 130; niðr f. smiðju-dyrum, Eg. 142:—ahead, úti fyrir búðinni, Nj. 181; kómusk sauðirnir upp á fjallit f. þeim, ahead of them, 27; vóru fyrir honum borin merkin, the banner was borne before him, 274; göra orð fyrir sér, to send word before one, Fms. vii. 207, Hkr. iii. 335 (Ó. H. 201, l. c., frá sér):—also denoting direction, niðri í eldinum f. sér, beneath in the fire before them, Nj. 204; þeir sá f. sér bæ mikinn, they saw before them a great building, i. e. they came to a great house, Eg. 546; öðrum f. sér ( in front) en öðrum á bak sér, Grág. i. 5.

2. before one, before one’s face, in one’s presence; úhelgaða ek Otkel f. búum, before the neighbours, Nj. 87; lýsi ek f. búum fimm, 218; lýsa e-u ( to proclaim) f. e-m, Ld. 8; hann hermdi boð öll f. Gizuri, Nj. 78; hón nefndisk f. þeim Gunnhildr, told them that her name was G., Fms. i. 8; kæra e-t f. e-m, Ó. H. 60; slíkar fortölur hafði hann f. þeim, Nj. 200; the saying, því læra börnin málið að það er f. þeim haft, bairns learn to speak because it is done before them, i. e. because they hear it; hafa gott (íllt) f. e-m, to give a good (bad) example, e. g. in the presence of children; lifa vel f. Guði, to live well before God, 623. 29; stór ábyrgðar-hluti f. Guði, Nj. 199; sem þeir sjá réttast f. Guði, Grág. i. (pref.); fyrir öllum þeim, Hom. 89; á laun f. öðrum mönnum, hidden from other men, unknown to them, Grág. i. 337, Jb. 378; nú skaltú vera vin minn mikill f. húsfreyju minni, i. e. when you talk to my wife, Nj. 265; fyrir Drottni, before the Lord, Merl. 2. 78.

3. denoting reception of guests, visitors; hann lét ryðja f. þeim búðina, he had the room cleared for them, for their reception, Nj. 228; Valhöll ryðja fyr vegnu fólki, i. e. to clear Valhalla for slain folk, Em. I; ryðja vígvöll f. vegundum, Nj. 212; ljúka upp f. e-m, to open the door for one, Fms. xi. 323, Stj. 5; rýma pallinn f. þeim, Eg. 304; hann lét göra eld f. þeim, he had a fire made for them, 204; þeir görðu eld. f. sér, Fms. xi. 63; … veizlur þar sem fyrir honum var búit, banquets that were ready for him, Eg. 45.

II. before one, in one’s way; þar er díki varð f. þeim, Eg. 530; á (fjörðr) varð f. þeim, a river, fjord, was before them, i. e. they came to it, 133, 161; at verða eigi f. liði yðru, 51; maðr sá varð f. Vindum, that man was overtaken by the V., Hkr. iii. 363; þeirra manna er f. honum urðu, Eg. 92.

2. sitja f. e-m, to lie in wait for one, Ld. 218, Nj. 107; lá f. henni í skóginum, Edda (pref.); sitja f. rekum, to sit watching for wrecks, Eg. 136 (fyrir-sát).

3. ellipt., menn urðu at gæta sín er f. urðu, Nj. 100; Egill var þar f. í runninum, E. was before (them), lay in ambush, Eg. 378; hafði sá bana er f. varð, who was before (the arrow), i. e. he was hit, Nj. 8.

4. verða f. e-u, to be hit, taken, suffer from a thing; ef hann verðr f. drepi, if he be struck, Grág. ii. 19; verða f. áverka, to be wounded, suffer injury, Ld. 140; verða f. reiði konungs, to fall into disgrace with the king, Eg. 226; verða f. ósköpum, to become the victim of a spell, spell-bound, Fas. i. 130; sitja f. hvers manns ámæli, to be the object of all men’s blame, Nj. 71; vera eigi f. sönnu hafðr, to be unjustly charged with a thing, to be innocent.

III. a naut. term, before, off; liggja f. bryggjum, to lie off the pier, Ld. 166; skip fljóta f. strengjum, Sks. 116; þeir lágu f. bænum, they lay off the town, Bs. i. 18; liggja úti f. Jótlands-síðu, off Jutland, Eg. 261; hann druknaði f. Jaðri, off the J., Fms. i. II; þeir kómu at honum f. Sjólandi, off Zealand, x. 394; hafa úti leiðangr f. landi, Hkr. i. 301; f. Humru-minni, off the Humber, Orkn. 338, cp. Km. 3, 8, 9, 13, 19, 21; fyrir Nesjum, off the Ness, Vellekla; fyrir Tungum, Sighvat; fyrir Spáni, off Spain, Orkn. 356.

IV. before, at the head of, denoting leadership; smalamaðr f. búi föður síns, Ver. 26 (of king David); vera f. liði, to be over the troops, Eg. 292, Nj. 7; vera f. máli, to lead the case, Band. 8; vera forstjóri f. búi, to be steward over the household, Eg. 52; ráða f. landi, ríki, etc., to rule, govern, Ó H. 33, Nj. 5; hverr f. eldinum réði, who was the ringleader of the fire, Eg. 239; ráða f. e-u, to rule, manage a thing, passim: the phrase, sitja f. svörum, to respond on one’s behalf, Ölk. 36, Band. 12; hafa svör f. e-m, to be the chief spokesman, Fms. x. 101, Dipl. v. 26.

V. special usages; friða f. e-m, to make peace for one, Fms. vii. 16, Bs. i. 65; bæta f. e-m, to make things good for one, Hom. 109; túlka, vera túlkr, flytja (etc.) f. e-m, to plead for one, Fms. iii. 33, Nj. 128,—also spilla f. e-m, to disparage one, Eg. 255; haga, ætla f. e-u, to manage, arrange for one, Ld. 208, Sturl. i. 14, Boll. 356; rífka ráð f. e-m, to better one’s condition, Nj. 21; ráða heiman-fylgju ok tilgjöf f. frændkonu sinni, Js. 58; standa f. manni, to stand before, shield a man, stand between him and his enemy, Eg. 357, Grág. ii. 13; vera skjöldr f. e-m, 655 xxxii. 4; hafa kostnað f. e-u, to have the expences for a thing, Ld. 14; vinna f. e-m, to support one by one’s work, Sks. 251; starfa f. fé sínu, to manage one’s money, Ld. 166; hyggja f. e-u, to take heed for a thing, Nj. 109; hyggja f. sér, Fs. 5; hafa forsjá f. e-m, to provide for one, Ld. 186; sjá f. e-u, to see after, Eg. 118, Landn, 152; sjá þú nokkut ráð f. mér, Nj. 20: ironic. to put at rest, Háv. 40: ellipt., sjá vel f., to provide well for, Nj. 102.

B. TEMP. ago; fyrir þrem nóttum, three nights ago; fyrir stundu, a while ago, Nj. 80; fyrir litlu, a little while ago, Fms. i. 76, Ld. 134; fyrir skömmu, a sbort while ago; fyrir löngu, a long while ago, Nj. 260, Fms. i. 50; fyrir öndverðu, from the beginning, Grág. i. 80, ii. 323, 394, Finnb. 342; fyrir þeim, before they were born, Fms. i. 57.

2. the phrase, vera f. e-u, to forebode; vera f. stórfundum, Nj. 107, 277; þat hygg ek vera munu f. siða-skipti, Fms. xi. 12; þessi draumr mun vera f. kvámu nökkurs manns, vii. 163; dreyma draum f. e-u, 8; fyrir tiðendum, ii. 65:—spá f. e-m, to ‘spae’ before, prophecy to one, Nj. 171.

C. METAPH.:

I. before, above; þóttu þeir þar f. öllum ungum mönnum, Dropl. 7; þykkisk hann mjök f. öðrum mönnum, Ld. 38; ver f. hirðmönnum, be first among my herdsmen, Eg. 65; Hálfdan svarti var f. þeim bræðrum, H. was the foremost of the brothers, Fms. i. 4; þorgrímr var f. sonum Önundar, Grett. 87; var Haraldr mest f. þeim at virðingu, Fms. i. 47.

II. denoting help, assistance; haun skal rétta vættið f. þeim, Grág. i. 45 (vide above A. IV and V).

2. the following seem to be Latinisms, láta lífit f. heilagri Kristni, to give up one’s life for holy Christianity, = Lat. pro, Fms. vii. 172; ganga undir píslir fyrir Guðs nafni, Blas. 38; gjalda önd mína f. önd þinni, Johann. 17; gefa gjöf f. sál sinni ( pro animâ suâ), H. E. i. 466; fyrir mér ok minni sál, Dipl. iv. 8; færa Guði fórnir f. e-m, 656 A; heita f. e-m, biðja f. e-m, to make a vow, pray for one (orare pro), Fms. iii. 48, Bs. i. 70; biðja f. mönnum, to intercede for, 19, Fms. xi. 287: even with a double construction, biðja f. stað sinn (acc., which is vernacular) ok heilagri kirkju (dat., which is a Latinism), x. 127.

III. denoting disadvantage, harm, suffering; þú lætr Egil vefja öll mál fyrir þér, thou lettest Egil thwart all thy affairs, Eg. 249; únýtir hann þá málit fyrir sér, then he ruins his own case, Grág. i. 36, Dropl. 14, 16; Manverjar rufu safnaðinn f. Þorkatli, the Manxmen broke up the assembly, i. e. forsook Thorkel, Fms. ix. 422; kom upp grátr f. henni, she burst into tears, 477; taka fé f. öðrum, to take another’s money, N. G. L. i. 20; knörr þann er konungr lét taka fyrir Þórólfi, Landn. 56; ef hross verðr tekit f. honum, if a horse of his be taken, Grág. i. 436; hann tók upp fé fyrir öllum, he seized property for them all, Ó. H. 60; e-t ferr ílla f. e-m, a thing turns out ill for one; svá fór f. Ólófu, so it came to pass for O., Vígl. 18; loka dyrr f. e-m, to lock the door in one’s face, Edda 21: þeir hafa eigi þessa menn f. yðr drepit, heldr f. yðrar sakir þessi víg vegit, i. e. they have not harmed you, but rather done you a service in slaying those men, Fbr. 33; tók at eyðask f. henni lausa-fé, her money began to fail, Nj. 29; rak á f. þeim storma ok stríðviðri, they were overtaken by gales and bad weather, Vígl. 27; Víglundr rak út knöttinn f. Jökli, V. drove the ball for J., i. e. so that he had to run after it, 24; sá er skar tygil f. Þóri, he who cut Thor’s line, Bragi; sverð brast f. mér, my sword broke, Korm. 98 (in a verse); brjóta e-t f. e-m, to break a thing for one, Bs. i. 15 (in a verse); Valgarðr braut krossa fyrir Merði ok öll heilög tákn, Nj. 167; árin brotnaði f. honum, his oar broke; allar kýrnar drápust fyrir honum, all his cows died.

2. denoting difficulty, hindrance; sitja f. sæmd e-s, to sit between oneself and one’s honour, i. e. to hinder one’s doing well, Sturl. 87; mikit göri þér mér f. þessu máli, you make this case sore for me, Eb. 124; þér er mikit f. máli, thy case stands ill, Fms. v. 325; ekki er Guði f. því, it is easy for God to do, 656 B. 9; varð honum lítið f. því, it was a small matter for him, he did it easily, Grett. III; mér er minna f. því, it is easier for me, Am. 60; þykkja mikit f. e-u, to be much grieved for a thing, do it unwillingly, Nj. 77; Icel. also say, þykja fyrir (ellipt.), to feel hurt, be displeased:—ellipt., er þeim lítið fyrir at villa járnburð þenna, it is a small matter for them to spoil this ordeal, Ó. H. 140; sem sér muni lítið f. at veiða Gunnar, Nj. 113; fast mun f. vera, it will be fast-fixed before (one), hard to move, Ld. 154; Ásgrími þótti þungt f., A. thought that things looked sad (heavy), Nj. 185; hann var lengi f., he was long about it, Fms. x. 205; hann var lengi f. ok kvað eigi nei við, he was cross and said not downright no, Þorf. Karl. 388.

IV. in a causal sense, for, because of, Lat. per, pro; sofa ek né mákat fugls jarmi fyrir, I cannot sleep for the shrill cry of birds, Edda 16 (in a verse); hon undi sér hvergi f. verkjum, she had no rest for pains, Bjarn. 69; fyrir gráti, tárum, = Lat. prae lacrymis; fyrir harmi, for sorrow; f. hlátri, for laughter, as in Engl.; þeir æddust f. einni konu, they went mad for the sake of one woman, Sól. 11; ílla fært f. ísum, scarce passable for ice, Fms. xi. 360; hætt var at sitja útar f. Miðgarðs-ormi, Edda 35; hann var lítt gengr f. sárinu, he could hardly walk for the wound, Fbr. 178; fyrir hræðslu, for fear, Hbl. 26; heptisk vegrinn f. þeim meinvættum sem …, Fs. 4; gáðu þeir eigi f. veiðum at fá heyjanna, because of fishing they took no care to make hay, Landn. 30; fyrir riki konungs, for the king’s power, Eg. 67, 117; fyrir ofríki manna, Grág. i. 68; fyrir hví, for why? Eluc. 4; fyrir hví þeir væri þar, Eg. 375; fyrir því, at …, for that, because, Edda 35, Fms. i. 22, vii. 330, Ld. 104; en fyrir því nú at, now since, Skálda 171; nú fyrir því at, id., 169: the phrase, fyrir sökum, for the sake of, because of, passim; vide sök.

V. by, by the force of; öxlin gékk ór liði fyrir högginu, the shoulder was disjointed by the force of the stroke, Háv. 52.

2. denoting contest; falla f. e-m, to fall before one, i. e. fighting against one, Fms. i. 7, iv. 9, x. 196; verða halloki f. e-m, to be overcome in fighting one, Ld. 146; látask f. e-m, to perish by one, Eb. 34; hafa bana f. e-m, to be slain by one, Nj. 43; þeir kváðu fá fúnað hafa f. honum, 263; mæddisk hann f. þeim, he lost his breath in fighting them, Eg. 192; láta ríki f. e-m, to lose the kingdom before another, i. e. so that the latter gains it, 264; láta lausar eignir mínar f. þér, 505; láta hlut sinn f. e-m, Fs. 47; standask f. e-m, to stand one’s ground before one, Edda (pref.); hugðisk hann falla mundu f. sjóninni einni saman, that he would sink before his glance, 28, Hým. 12; halda hlut f. e-m, Ld. 54; halda frið ok frelsi f. várum óvinum, Fms. viii. 219; fara mun ek sem ek hefi áðr ætlað f. þínum draum ( thy dream notwithstanding), Ld. 216; þér farit hvárt er þér vilit f. mér, you go wherever you like for me, so far as I am concerted, Fær. 37; halda vöku f. sér, to keep oneself awake, Fms. i. 216.

β. with verbs, flýja, hlaupa, renna, stökkva f. e-m, to fly, leap, run before one, i. e. to be pursued, Bs. i. 774, Grág. ii. 359; at hann rynni f. þrælum hans, Ld. 64; fyrir þessum úfriði stökk Þangbrandr til Noregs, 180; skyldi hann ganga ór á f. Hofsmönnum, Landn. 178; ganga f. e-u, to give way before, yield to a thing, Fms. i. 305, x. 292; vægja f. e-m, to yield to one, give way, Eg. 21, 187, Nj. 57, Ld. 234.

VI. against; verja land f. e-m, Eg. 32; verja landit f. Dönum ok öðrum víkingum, Fms. i. 23; til landvarnar f. víkingum, Eg. 260; landvarnar-maðr f. Norðmönnum, Fms. vi. 295; gæta brúarinnar f. bergrisum, Edda 17; gæt þín vel f. konungi ok hans mönnum, guard thee well against the king and his men, Eg. 113; góð aðstoð f. tröllum ok dvergum, Bárð. 163; beiða Baldri griða f. allskonar háska, Edda 36; auðskæðr f. höggum, Eg. 770.

VII. in the sense of being driven before; fyrir straumi, veðri, vindi, before the stream, wind, weather (forstreymis, forvindis), Grág. ii. 384, Fms. vii. 262; halda f. veðri, to stand before the wind, Róm. 211.

2. rýrt mun verða f. honum smá-mennit, he will have an easy game with the small people, Nj. 94: ellipt., hafði sá bana er f. varð, 8; sprakk f., 16, 91.

VIII. fyrir sér, of oneself, esp. of physical power; mikill f. sér, strong, powerful; lítill f. sér, weak, feeble, Nj. 20, Ísl. ii. 368, Eg. 192; þér munuð kalla mik lítinn mann f. mér, Edda 33; minnstr f. sér, smallest, weakest, Eg. 123; gildr maðr f. sér, Ísl. ii. 322, Fms. ii. 145; herðimaðr mikiil f. sér, a hardy man, Nj. 270; hvat ert þú f. þér, what kind of fellow art thou? Clem. 33; vera einn f. sér, to be a strange fellow, Grett. 79 new Ed.; Icel. also say, göra mikið (lítið) f. sér, to make oneself big ( little).

β. sjóða e-t f. sér, to hesitate, saunter, Nj. 154; mæla f. munni, to talk between one’s teeth, to mutter, Orkn. 248, Nj. 249.

IX. denoting manner or quality; hvítr f. hærum, white with hoary hairs, Fms. vi. 95, Fas. ii. 540; gráir fyrir járnum, grey with steel, of a host in armour, Mag. 5; hjölt hvít f. silfri, a hilt white with silver = richly silvered, Eb. 226.

X. as adverb or ellipt.,

1. ahead, in front, = á undan, Lat. prae, opp. to eptir; þá var eigi hins verra eptir ván, er slíkt fór fyrir, as this came first, preceded, Nj. 34; at einhverr mundi fara heim fyrir, that some one would go home first (to spy), Eg. 580; Egill fór f., E. went in before, id.; at vér ríðim þegar f. í nótt, 283.

β. first; hann stefndi f. málinu, en hann mælti eptir, one pronounced the words first, but the other repeated after him, Nj. 35; mun ek þar eptir göra sem þér gerit f., I shall do to you according as you do first, 90:—temp., sjau nóttum f., seven nights before, Grág. ii. 217.

2. to the fore, at hand, present; þar var fyrir fjöldi boðsmanna, a host of guests was already to the fore, i. e. before the bride and bridegroom came, Nj. 11; úvíst er at vita hvar úvinir sitja á fleti fyrir, Hm. 1; skal þá lögmaðr þar f. vera, he shall be there present, Js. 3; heima í túni fyrir, Fær. 50; þar vóru fyrir Hildiríðar-synir, Eg. 98; var honum allt kunnigt fyrir, he knew all about the localities, 583; þeim ómögum, sem f. eru, who are there already, i. e. in his charge, Grág. i. 286: of things, föng þau er f. vóru, stores that were to the fore, at hand, Eg. 134.

3. fore, opp. to ‘back,’ of clothes; slæður settar f. allt gullknöppum, Eg. 516; bak ok fyrir, back and front, = bak ok brjóst, Mar.

XI. in the phrase, e-m verðr e-t fyrir, a thing is before one, i. e. one takes that and that step, acts so and so in an emergency; nú verðr öðrum þeirra þat f., at hann kveðr, now if the other part alleges, that …, Grág. i. 362; Kolbeini varð ekki f., K. had no resource, i. e. lost his head, Sturl. iii. 285:—the phrase, e-t mælisk vel (ílla) fyrir, a thing is well ( ill) reported of; víg Gunnars spurðisk ok mæltisk ílla fyrir um allar sveitir, Nj. 117, Sturl. ii. 151; mun þat vel f. mælask, people will like it well, Nj. 29, Þórð. 55 new Ed.; ílla mun þat f. mælask at ganga á sættir við frændr sína, Ld. 238; ok er lokit var, mæltisk kvæðit vel f., the people praised the poem, Fms. vii. 113.

XII. in special senses, either as prep. or adv. (vide A. V. above); segja leið f. skipi, to pilot a ship, Eg. 359; segja f. skipi, to say a prayer for a new ship or for any ship going to sea, Bs. i. 774, Fms. x. 480; mæla f. e-u, to dictate, Grág. ii. 266; mæla f. minni, to bring out a toast, vide minni; mæla f. sætt, i. 90; skipa, koma e-u f., to arrange, put right; ætla f. e-u, to make allowance for; trúa e-m f. e-u, to entrust one with; það fer mikið f. e-u (impers.), it is of great compass, bulky; hafa f. e-u, to have trouble with a thing; leita f. sér, to enquire; biðjask f., to say one’s prayers, vide biðja; mæla fyrir, segja f., etc., to order, Nj. 103, Js. 3: of a spell or solemn speaking, hann mælti svá f., at …, Landn. 34; spyrjask f., to enquire, Hkr. ii. 333; búask f., to prepare, make arrangement, Landn. 35, Sks. 551; skipask f., to draw up, Nj. 197; leggjask f., to lie down in despair, Bs. i. 194; spá fyrir, to ‘spae’ before, foretell; þeir menn er spá f. úorðna hluti, Fms. i. 96; segja f., to foretell, 76, Bb. 332; Njáll hefir ok sagt f. um æfi hans, Nj. 102; vita e-t f., to ‘wit’ beforehand, know the future, 98; sjá e-t f., to foresee, 162; ef þat er ætlat f., fore-ordained, id.

WITH ACC., mostly with the notion of movement.

A. LOCAL:

I. before, in front of; fyrir dyrrin, Nj. 198; láta síga brýnn f. brár, Hkv. Hjörv. 19; halda f. augu sér, to hold (one’s hands) before one’s eyes, Nj. 132; leggja sverði fyrir brjóst e-m, to thrust a sword into his breast, 162, Fs. 39.

2. before one, before a court; stefna e-m f. dómstól, Fms. xi. 444; ganga, koma f. e-n, to go, come before one, Fms. i. 15, Eg. 426, Nj. 6, 129, passim; fyrir augu e-s, before one’s eyes, Stj. 611.

3. before, so as to shield; hann kom skildinum f. sik, he put the shield before him, Nj. 97, 115; halda skildi f. e-n, a duelling term, since the seconder had to hold one’s shield, Ísl. ii. 257.

4. joined to adverbs such as fram, aptr, út, inn, ofan, niðr, austr, vestr, suðr, norðr, all denoting direction; fram f., forward; aptr f., backward, etc.; hann reiddi öxina fram f. sik, a stroke forward with the axe, Fms. vii. 91; hann hljóp eigi skemra aptr en fram fyrir sik, Nj. 29; þótti honum hann skjóta brandinum austr til fjallanna f. sik, 195; komask út f. dyrr, to go outside the door, Eg. 206:—draga ofan f. brekku, to drag over the hill, Ld. 220; hrinda f. mel ofan, to thrust one over the gravel bank, Eg. 748; hlaupa f. björg, to leap over a precipice, Eb. 62, Landn. 36; elta e-n f. björg, Grág. ii. 34; hlaupa (kasta) f. borð, to leap ( throw) overboard, Fms. i. 178, Hkr. iii. 391, Ld. 226; síga ( to be hauled) niðr f. borgar-vegg, 656 C. 13, Fms. ix. 3; hlaupa niðr f. stafn, Eg. 142; niðr f. skaflinn, Dropl. 25; fyrir brekku, Orkn. 450, Glúm. 395 (in a verse).

II. in one’s way, crossing one’s way; þeir stefndu f. þá, Fms. ix. 475; ríða á leið f. þá, to ride in their way, so as to meet them, Boll. 348; hlaupa ofan f. þá, Nj. 153; vóru allt komin f. hann bréf, letters were come before him, in his way, Fms. vii. 207; þeir felldu brota f. hann, viz. they felled trees before him, so as to stop him, viii. 60, ix. 357; leggja bann f. skip, to lay an embargo on a ship, Ld. 166.

III. round, off a point; fyrir nesit, Nj. 44; út f. Holm, out past the Holm, Fms. vii. 356: esp. as a naut. term, off a point on the shore, sigla f. England, Norðyrnbraland, Þrasnes, Spán, to sail by the coast of, stand off England, Northumberland, … Spain, Orkn. 338, 340, 342, 354; fyrir Yrjar, Fms. vii. (in a verse); fyrir Siggju, Aumar, Lista, Edda 91 (in a verse); er hann kom f. Elfina, when be came off the Gotha, Eg. 80; leggja land f. skut, to lay the land clear of the stern, i. e. to pass it, Edda l. c.; göra frið f. land sitt, to pacify the land from one end to another, Ld. 28; fyrir uppsprettu árinnar, to come to ( round) the sources of the river, Fms. iii. 183; fyrir garðs-enda, Grág. ii. 263; girða f. nes, to make a wall across the ness, block it up, cp. Lat. praesepire, praemunire, etc., Grág. ii. 263; so also binda f. op, poka, Lat. praeligare, praestringere; hlaða f. gat, holu, to stop a hole, opening; greri f. stúfinn, the stump (of the arm or leg) was healed, closed, Nj. 275; skjóta slagbrandi f. dyrr, to shoot a bolt before the door, to bar it, Dropl. 29; láta loku (lás) f. hurð, to lock a door, Gísl. 28; setja innsigli f. bréf, to set a seal to a letter, Dipl. i. 3: ellipt., setr hón þar lás fyrir, Ld. 42, Bs. i. 512.

2. along, all along; f. endilanga Danmörk, f. endilangan Noreg, all along Denmark, Norway, from one end to the other, Fms. iv. 319, xi. 91, Grett. 97:—öx álnar f. munn, an axe with an ell-long edge, Ld. 276; draga ör f. ödd, to draw the arrow past the point, an archer’s term, Fms. ii. 321.

IV. with verbs, fyrir ván komit, one is come past hope, all hope is gone, Sturl. i. 44, Hrafn. 13, Fms. ii. 131; taka f. munn e-m, to stop one’s mouth; taka f. háls, kverkar, e-m, to seize one by the throat, etc.; taka mál f. munn e-m, ‘verba alicujus praeripere,’ to take the word out of one’s mouth, xi. 12; taka f. hendr e-m, to seize one’s hands, stop one in doing a thing, Eb. 124; mod., taka fram f. hendrnar á e-m.

B. TEMP.: fyrir dag, before day, Eg. 80; f. miðjan dag, Ld. 14; f. sól, before sunrise, 268; f. sólar-lag, before sunset; f. miðjan aptan, Nj. 192; f. náttmál, 197; f. óttu, Sighvat; f. þinglausnir, Ölk. 37; f. Jól, Nj. 269; f. fardaga, Grág. ii. 341; viku f. sumar, 244; f. mitt sumar, Nj. 138; litlu f. vetr, Eg. 159; f. vetrnætr, Grág. ii. 217; f. e-s minni, before one’s memory, Íb. 16.

C. METAPH.:

I. above, before; hann hafdi mest fyrir aðra konunga hraustleikinn, Fms. x. 372.

II. for, on behalf of; vil ek bjóða at fara f. þik, I will go for thee, in thy stead, Nj. 77; ganga í skuld f. e-n, Grág. i. 283; Egill drakk … ok svá f. Ölvi, Eg. 210; kaupa e-t f. e-n, Nj. 157; gjalda gjöld f. e-n, Grág. i. 173; verja, sækja, sakir f. e-n, Eg. 504; hvárr f. sik, each for oneself, Dipl. v. 26; sættisk á öll mál f. Björn, Nj. 266; tók sættir f. Björn, Eg. 168; svara f. e-t, Fms. xi. 444; hafa til varnir f. sik, láta lýrit, lög-vörn koma f.; færa vörn f. sik, etc.; verja, sækja sakir f. sik, and many similar law phrases, Grág. passim; biðja konu f. e-n, to woo a lady for another, Fms. x. 44; fyrir mik, on my behalf, for my part, Gs. 16; lögvörn f. mál, a lawful defence for a case, Nj. 111; hafa til varnar f. sök, to defend a case, Grág. i. 61; halda skiladómi f. e-t, Dipl. iv. 8; festa lög f. e-t, vide festa.

III. in a distributive sense; penning f. mann, a penny per man, K. Þ. K. 88; fyrir nef hvert, per nose = per head, Lv. 89, Fms. i. 153, Ó. H. 141; hve f. marga menn, for how many men, Grág. i. 296; fyrir hverja stiku, for each yard, 497.

IV. for, for the benefit of; brjóta brauð f. hungraða, Hom. 75; þeir skáru f. þá melinn, they cut the straw for them (the horses), Nj. 265; leggja kostnað f. e-n, to defray one’s costs, Grág. i. 341.

V. for, instead of; hann setti sik f. Guð, Edda (pref.); hafa e-n f. Guð (Lat. pro Deo), Stj. 73, Barl. 131; geta, fá, kveðja mann f. sik, to get a man as one’s delegate or substitute, Grág. i. 48 passim; þeir höfðu vargstakka f. brynjur, Fs. 17; manna-höfuð vóru f. kljána, Nj. 275; gagl f. gás ok grís f. gamalt svín, Ó. H. 86; rif stór f. hlunna, Háv. 48; buðkr er f. húslker er hafðr, Vm. 171; auga f. auga, tönn f. tönn, Exod. xxi. 24; skell f. skillinga, Þkv. 32.

VI. because of, for; vilja Gunnar dauðan fyrir höggit, Nj. 92, Fms. v. 162; eigi f. sakleysi, not without ground, i. 302; fyrir hvat (why, for what) stefndi Gunnarr þeim til úhelgi? Nj. 101; ok urðu f. þat sekir, Landn. 323; hafa ámæli f. e-t, Nj. 65, passim.

2. in a good sense, for one’s sake, for one; fyrir þín orð, for thy words, intercession, Ísl. ii. 217; vil ek göra f. þín orð, Ld. 158, Nj. 88; fyrir sína vinsæld, by his popularity, Fms. i. 259: the phrase, fyrir e-s sök, for one’s sake, vide sök: in swearing, a Latinism, fyrir trú mína, by my faith! (so in Old Engl. ‘fore God), Karl. 241; fyrir þitt líf, Stj. 514; ek særi þik f. alla krapta Krists ok manndóm þinn, Nj. 176. VII. for, at, denoting value, price; fyrir þrjár merkr, for three marks, Eg. 714; er sik leysti út f. þrjú hundruð marka, Fms. ix. 421; ganga f. hundrað, to pass or go for a hundred, D. I. i. 316:—also of the thing bought, þú skalt reiða f. hana þrjár merkr, thou shall pay for her three marks, Ld. 30; fyrir þik skulu koma mannhefndir, Nj. 57; bætr f. víg, Ísl. ii. 274; bætr f. mann, Eg. 259, passim; fyrir áverka Þorgeirs kom legorðs-sökin, Nj. 101:—so in the phrase, fyrir hvern mun, by all means, at any cost; fyrir öngan mun, by no means, Fms. i. 9, 157, Gþl. 531:—hafði hverr þeirra mann f. sik, eða tvá …, each slew a man or more for himself, i. e. they sold their lives dearly, Ó. H. 217.

2. ellipt., í staðinn f., instead of, Grág. i. 61; hér vil ek bjóða f. góð boð, Nj. 77; taka umbun f., Fms. vii. 161; svara slíku f. sem …, Boll. 350; þér skulut öngu f. týna nema lífinu, you shall lose nothing less than your head, Nj. 7.

VIII. by means of, by, through; fyrir þat sama orð, Stj.; fyrir sína náttúru, Fms. v. 162; fyrir messu-serkinn, iii. 168; fyrir þinn krapt ok frelsis-hönd, Pass. 19. 12; svikin f. orminn, by the serpent, Al. 63,—this use of fyrir seems to be a Latinism, but is very freq. in eccl. writings, esp. after the Reformation, N. T., Pass., Vídal.; fyrir munn Davíðs, through the mouth of David, etc.:—in good old historical writings such instances are few; þeir hlutuðu f. kast ( by dice), Sturl. ii. 159.

IX. in spite of, against; fyrir vilja sinn, N. G. L. i. 151; fyrir vitorð eðr vilja e-s, against one’s will or knowledge, Grág. ii. 348; kvángask (giptask) f. ráð e-s, i. 177, 178, Þiðr. 190; nú fara menn f. bann ( in spite of an embargo) landa á milli, Gþl. 517; hann gaf henni líf f. framkvæmd farar, i. e. although she had not fulfilled her journey ( her vow), Fms. v. 223; fyrir várt lof, vi. 220; fyrir allt þat, in spite of all that, Grett. 80 new Ed.; fyrir ráð fram, heedlessly; fyrir lög fram, vide fram.

X. denoting capacity, in the same sense as ‘at,’ C. II, p. 27, col. 1; scarcely found in old writers (who use ‘at’), but freq. in mod. usage, thus, eigi e-n f. vin, to have one for a friend, in old writers ‘at vin;’ hafa e-n f. fífl, fól, to make sport of one.

2. in old writers some phrases come near to this, e. g. vita f. vist, to know for certain, Dipl. i. 3; vita f. full sannindi, id., ii. 16; hafa f. satt, to take for sooth, believe, Nj. 135; koma f. eitt, to come ( turn) all to one, Lv. 11, Nj. 91, Fms. i. 208; koma f. ekki, to come to naught, be of no avail, Ísl. ii. 215; fyrir hitt mun ganga, it will turn the other way, Nj. 93; fyrir hann er einskis örvænt orðs né verks, from him everything may be expected, Ísl. ii. 326; hafa e-s víti f. varnað, to have another’s faults for warning, Sól. 19.

XI. joined with adverbs ending in -an, fyrir austan, vestan, sunnan, norðan, útan, innan, framan, handan, ofan, neðan, either with a following acc. denoting. direction, thus, fyrir austan, sunnan … fjall, east, south of the fell, i. e. on the eastern, southern side; fyrir neðan brú, below the bridge; fyrir útan fjall = Lat. ultra; fyrir innan fjall = Lat. infra; fyrir handan á, beyond the river; fyrir innan garð, inside the yard; fyrir ofan garð, above, beyond the yard, etc.; vide these adverbs:—used adverb., fyrir sunnan, in the south; fyrir vestan, in the west; fyrir norðan, in the north; fyrir austan, in the east,—current phrases in Icel. to mark the quarters of the country, cp. the ditty in Esp. Árb. year 1530; but not freq. in old writers, who simply say, norðr, suðr …, cp. Kristni S. ch. 1: absol. and adverb., fyrir ofan, uppermost; fyrir handan, on the other side:—fyrir útan e-t, except, save, Anal. 98, Vkv. 8; fyrir fram, vide fram.

☞ For- and fyrir- as prefixes, vide pp. 163–167 and below:

I. fore-, for-, meaning before, above, in the widest sense, local, temp., and metaph. furthering or the like, for-dyri, for-nes, for-ellri, for-beini, etc.

β. before, down, for-brekkis, -bergis, -streymis, -vindis, -viðris, etc.

2. in an intens. sense = before others, very, but not freq.; for-dyld, -góðr, -hagr, -hraustr, -kostuligr, -kuðr, -lítill, -ljótr, -prís, -ríkr, -snjallr.

II. (cp. fyrir, acc., C. IX), in a neg. or priv. sense; a few words occur even in the earliest poems, laws, and writers, e. g. for-að, -átta, -dæða, -nám, -næmi, -sending, -sköp, -verk, -veðja, -viða, -vitni, -ynja, -yrtir; those words at least seem to be original and vernacular: at a later time more words of the same kind crept in:

1. as early as writers of the 13th and 14th centuries, e. g. for-boð, -bænir, -djarfa, -dæma (fyrir-dæma), -taka (fyrir-taka), -þóttr; fyrir-bjóða, -fara, -göra, -koma, -kunna, -líta, -muna, -mæla, -vega, -verða.

2. introduced in some words at the time of the Reformation through Luther’s Bible and German hymns, and still later in many more through Danish, e. g. for-brjóta, -drífa, -láta, -líkast, -merkja, -nema, -sorga, -sóma, -standa, -svara, -þénusta, and several others; many of these, however, are not truly naturalised, being chiefly used in eccl. writings:—it is curious that if the pronoun be placed after the verb (which is the vernacular use in Icel.) the sense is in many cases reversed; thus, fyrir-koma, to destroy, but koma e-u fyrir can only mean to arrange; so also fyrir-mæla, to curse, and mæla fyrir, to speak for; for-bænir, but biðja fyrir e-m, etc.; in the latter case the sense is good and positive, in the former bad and negative; this seems to prove clearly that these compds are due to foreign influence.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > FYRIR
10 paso

adj.

dried.

intj.

open up, gangway.

m.

1 passing.

el paso del tiempo the passage of time

con el paso de los años as the years go by

el Ebro, a su paso por Zaragoza the Ebro, as it flows through Zaragoza

su paso fugaz por la universidad his brief spell at the university

abrir paso a alguien (también figurative) to make way for somebody

abrirse paso entre la multitud to make o force one's way through the crowd

ceder el paso (a alguien) to let (somebody) past; to give way (to somebody) (automobiles)

ceda el paso give way (en letrero) (British), yield (United States)

de paso in passing; (de pasada) while I'm/you're/etc at it (aprovechando)

prohibido el paso no entry (en letrero)

paso del ecuador = (celebration marking) halfway stage in a university course

2 step.

dar un paso adelante o al frente to step forward, to take a step forward

3 walk.

a paso ligero at a brisk pace

marcar el paso to keep time

a este paso no acabaremos nunca at this rate we'll never finish

4 step (etapa, acontecimiento).

dar los pasos necesarios to take the necessary steps

paso a paso step by step

5 crossing (cruce).

paso de cebra zebra crossing (British), = pedestrian crossing marked with black and white lines

paso elevado flyover (British), overpass (United States)

paso fronterizo border crossing (point)

paso a nivel level crossing (British), grade crossing (United States)

paso peatonal o de peatones pedestrian crossing

paso subterráneo subway (British), underpass (United States)

6 pass (geography) (en montaña).

7 step in a process, stride, move.

8 passage, pass, crossing point.

9 pace, walking pace.

10 gateway.

pres.indicat.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: pasar.

* * *

paso

► nombre masculino

1 (movimiento) step, footstep

■ ¡no des ni un paso más! don't move another step!

■ he oído pasos I heard footsteps

2 (distancia) pace

3 (camino) passage, way

4 (avance) progress, advance

5 (trámite) step, move

6 (de montaña) mountain pass; (de mar) strait

7 RELIGIÓN float (used in Holy Week processions)

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

a cada paso at every turn

a paso de tortuga at a snail's pace

abrirse paso to force one's way through

apretar el paso to hurry

cerrarle el paso a alguien to block somebody' s way

dar paso a (hacer posible) to pave the way for 2 (provocar) to give rise to 3 (dejar pasar) to let through, make way for 4 (pasar a) to move on to

dar sus primeros pasos to start walking

dar un paso en falso (al andar) to lose one's footing 2 (equivocarse) to make a false move

estar a un paso/a dos pasos to be very close

■ estamos a un paso de encontrar la solución the solution is just around the corner

estar de paso to be passing through

hacer algo de paso to do something as well

■ de paso, tráeme tabaco while you're there, get me some cigarettes

no dar un paso sin... not to do a thing without...

paso a paso step by step

'Prohibido el paso' "No entry"

salir al paso de alguien to waylay somebody

salir al paso de algo to forestall something

seguirle los pasos a alguien to follow somebody close behind 2 figurado to follow in somebody's footsteps

ceda el paso (señal) give way sign, US yield sign

paso a nivel level crossing, US grade crossing

paso de cebra zebra crossing

paso de peatones pedestrian crossing

paso del ecuador half-way point (in university studies)

paso elevado flyover

paso subterráneo (de peatones) subway

* * *

noun m.

1) passage

2) footstep

3) pace

4) way

* * *
I
ADJ dried

higo paso — dried fig

ciruela pasa — prune

uva pasa — raisin
II
1. SM

1) (=acción de pasar)

contemplaban el paso de la procesión desde un balcón — they watched the procession go by from a balcony

para evitar el paso del aire — to prevent the air getting through

por estas fechas tiene lugar el paso de las cigüeñas por nuestra región — this is the time of year when the storks fly over our region

los detuvieron en el paso del estrecho — they were arrested while crossing the channel

el presidente, a su paso por nuestra ciudad... — the president, during his visit to our city...

el huracán arrasó con todo lo que encontró a su paso — the hurricane flattened everything in its path

con el paso del tiempo — with (the passing of) time

prohibido el paso — no entry

• ceder el paso — to give way, yield (EEUU)

ceda el paso — give way, yield (EEUU)

• dar paso a algo, el invierno dio paso a la primavera — winter gave way to spring

ahora vamos a dar paso a nuestro corresponsal en Lisboa — we now go over to our correspondent in Lisbon

las protestas dieron paso a una huelga — the protests led to o were followed by a strike

• de paso, mencionaron el tema solo de paso — they only mentioned the matter in passing

¿puedes ir al supermercado, de paso que vas a la farmacia? — could you go to the supermarket on your way to the chemist's?

de paso recuérdale que tiene un libro nuestro — remind him that he's got a book of ours while you're at it

el banco me pilla de paso — the bank is on my way

dicho sea de paso — incidentally

• entrar de paso — to drop in

• estar de paso — to be passing through

están solo de paso por Barcelona — they're just passing through Barcelona

paso del Ecuador — party or trip organized by university students to celebrate the halfway stage in their degree course

paso franco, paso libre — free passage
ave
2) (=camino) way; (Arquit) passage; (Geog) pass; (Náut) strait

estás en mitad del paso — you're blocking the way

¡paso! — make way!

la policía le abría paso — the police cleared a path for him

• abrirse paso — to make one's way

se abrió paso entre la multitud — he made his way through the crowd

se abrió paso a tiros — he shot his way through

se abrieron paso luchando — they fought their way through

• cerrar el paso — to block the way

• dejar el paso libre — to leave the way open

dejar paso a algn — to let sb past

• impedir el paso — to block the way

- salir al paso a algn

- salir al paso de algo

han salido al paso de la acusación — they've been quick to deny the accusation

- salir del paso

paso a desnivel, paso a distinto nivel — (Aut) flyover, overpass (EEUU)

paso a nivel — level crossing, grade crossing (EEUU)

paso a nivel sin barrera — unguarded level crossing

paso (de) cebra — Esp zebra crossing, crosswalk (EEUU)

paso de peatones — pedestrian crossing, crosswalk (EEUU)

paso elevado — (Aut) flyover, overpass (EEUU)

paso fronterizo — border crossing

paso inferior — underpass, subway

paso salmonero — salmon ladder

paso subterráneo — underpass, subway

paso superior — (Aut) flyover, overpass (EEUU)

3) [al andar] (=acción) step; (=ruido) footstep; (=huella) footprint

he oído pasos — I heard footsteps

• coger el paso — to fall into step

• dar un paso — to take a step

¿ha dado ya sus primeros pasos? — has she taken her first steps yet?

no da ni un paso sin ella — he never goes anywhere without her

• dirigir sus pasos hacia — to head towards

• dar un paso en falso — (=tropezar) to miss one's footing; (=equivocarse) to make a false move

• hacer pasos — (Baloncesto) to travel (with the ball)

• volvió sobre sus pasos — she retraced her steps

- a cada paso

- a pasos agigantados

el proyecto avanza a pasos agigantados — the project is advancing by leaps and bounds

la demanda aumenta a pasos agigantados — demand is increasing at a rate of knots o extremely quickly

- andar en malos pasos

- dar un mal paso

- paso a paso

- por sus pasos contados

- seguir los pasos a algn

- seguir los pasos de algn

paso adelante — (lit, fig) step forward

paso a dos — pas de deux

paso atrás — (lit, fig) step backwards

dio un paso atrás — he took a step backwards

4) (=modo de andar) [de persona] walk, gait; [de caballo] gait

caminaba con paso decidido — he was walking purposefully

• acelerar el paso — to go faster, speed up

• aflojar el paso — to slow down

• apretar o avivar el paso — to go faster, speed up

• a buen paso — at a good pace

iba andando a buen paso — I was walking at a good pace

las conversaciones marchan a buen paso — the talks are proceeding at a good pace o rate

• establecer el paso — to make the pace, set the pace

• a paso lento — at a slow pace, slowly

• a paso ligero — [gen] at a swift pace; (Mil) at the double

• llevar el paso — to keep in step, keep time

• marcar el paso — [gen] to keep time; (Mil) to mark time

• a paso redoblado — LAm (Mil) at the double

• romper el paso — to break step

- a paso de tortuga

paso de ambladura, paso de andadura — (Equitación) amble

paso de ganso LAm —

paso de (la) oca — goose step

paso de vals — waltz step

5) (=ritmo) rate, pace

• a este paso — at this rate

a este paso no terminarán nunca — at this rate they'll never finish

al paso que vamos no acabaremos nunca — at the rate we're going we'll never finish

6) (=distancia)

vive a un paso de aquí — he lives round the corner from here

estaba a unos diez pasos — it was about ten paces away

de eso al terrorismo no hay más que un paso — it's a small step from there to terrorism

7) (=avance) step

es un paso hacia nuestro objetivo — it's a step towards our objective

el matrimonio es un paso muy importante en la vida — marriage is an important step in life

- dar el primer paso

8) (Téc) [de tornillo] pitch; [de contador, teléfono] unit

9) (Teat) ( Hist) sketch, interlude

10) (Rel) [en procesión] float in Holy Week procession, with statues representing part of Easter story

See:

ver nota culturelle SEMANA SANTA in semana

11)

paso de armas — (Mil, Hist) passage of arms

12) LAm (=vado) ford

2.

ADV softly, gently

¡paso! — not so fast!, easy there!

* * *

masculino

1)

a) ( acción)

el paso del agua — the flow of water

el paso del tren — the passing of the train

el paso del tiempo — the passage of time

el huracán destruyó todo a su paso — the hurricane destroyed everything in its path

el paso de la dictadura a la democracia — the transition from dictatorship to democracy

de paso: están de paso they're just visiting o just passing through; de paso puedo comprar pan I can buy some bread on the way; fui a la oficina y de paso hablé con él I went to the office and while I was there I had a word with him; me pilla de paso it's on my way; y dicho sea de paso... — and incidentally...

b) (camino, posibilidad de pasar) way

abran paso — make way

me cerró el paso — she blocked my way

dejen el paso libre — leave the way clear

ceda el paso — yield ( in US), give way ( in UK)

prohibido el paso — no entry

abrirse paso — to make one's way; ( a codazos) to elbow one's way

abrirse paso en la vida — to make one's way in life

salir al paso de alguien — ( abordar) to waylay somebody; ( detener) to stop somebody

un guardia salió a su paso — he was stopped by a security guard

2) (Geog) ( en montaña) pass

salir del paso — to get out of a (tight) spot o (AmE) crack (colloq)

- paso a nivel

- paso de cebra

- paso de peatones

- paso elevado or a desnivel

- paso fronterizo

- paso subterráneo

3)

a) (al andar, bailar) step

dio un paso para atrás — he took a step backward(s)

camina 50 pasos al norte — walk 50 paces to the north

dirigió sus pasos hacia la puerta — she walked toward(s) the door

oyó pasos — she heard footsteps

entró con paso firme — he came in purposefully

no da un paso sin consultarme — she won't do anything without asking me first

paso a paso — step by step

a cada paso — at every turn

andar en malos pasos — to be mixed up in shady deals

a pasos agigantados — by leaps and bounds

dar los primeros pasos — ( literal) to take one's first steps; ( iniciarse en algo) to start out

dar un paso en falso — ( literal) to stumble; ( equivocarse) to make a false move

seguirle los pasos a alguien — to tail somebody

seguir los pasos de alguien — to follow in somebody's footsteps

volver sobre sus pasos — to retrace one's steps

b) pasos masculino plural ( en baloncesto) traveling*, steps (pl)

hacer pasos — to travel

4)

a) ( distancia corta)

vive a dos pasos de mi casa — he lives a stone's throw (away) from my house

estuvo a un paso de la muerte — she was at death's door

está a un paso de aquí — it's just around the corner/down the road from here

de ahí al estrellato no hay más que un paso — it's only a short step from there to stardom

b) ( avance) step forward

eso ya es un paso (adelante) — that's a step forward in itself

c) ( de gestión) step

hemos dado los pasos necesarios — we have taken the necessary steps

5) ( en contador) unit

6)

a) (ritmo, velocidad)

apretó/aminoró el paso — he quickened his pace/he slowed down

el tren iba a buen paso — the train was going at a fair speed

a este paso... — at this rate...

a paso de hormiga or tortuga — at a snail's pace

marcar el paso — to mark time

b) (Equ)

al paso — at a walking pace

•

- paso ligero or redoblado

* * *

masculino

1)

a) ( acción)

el paso del agua — the flow of water

el paso del tren — the passing of the train

el paso del tiempo — the passage of time

el huracán destruyó todo a su paso — the hurricane destroyed everything in its path

el paso de la dictadura a la democracia — the transition from dictatorship to democracy

de paso: están de paso they're just visiting o just passing through; de paso puedo comprar pan I can buy some bread on the way; fui a la oficina y de paso hablé con él I went to the office and while I was there I had a word with him; me pilla de paso it's on my way; y dicho sea de paso... — and incidentally...

b) (camino, posibilidad de pasar) way

abran paso — make way

me cerró el paso — she blocked my way

dejen el paso libre — leave the way clear

ceda el paso — yield ( in US), give way ( in UK)

prohibido el paso — no entry

abrirse paso — to make one's way; ( a codazos) to elbow one's way

abrirse paso en la vida — to make one's way in life

salir al paso de alguien — ( abordar) to waylay somebody; ( detener) to stop somebody

un guardia salió a su paso — he was stopped by a security guard

2) (Geog) ( en montaña) pass

salir del paso — to get out of a (tight) spot o (AmE) crack (colloq)

- paso a nivel

- paso de cebra

- paso de peatones

- paso elevado or a desnivel

- paso fronterizo

- paso subterráneo

3)

a) (al andar, bailar) step

dio un paso para atrás — he took a step backward(s)

camina 50 pasos al norte — walk 50 paces to the north

dirigió sus pasos hacia la puerta — she walked toward(s) the door

oyó pasos — she heard footsteps

entró con paso firme — he came in purposefully

no da un paso sin consultarme — she won't do anything without asking me first

paso a paso — step by step

a cada paso — at every turn

andar en malos pasos — to be mixed up in shady deals

a pasos agigantados — by leaps and bounds

dar los primeros pasos — ( literal) to take one's first steps; ( iniciarse en algo) to start out

dar un paso en falso — ( literal) to stumble; ( equivocarse) to make a false move

seguirle los pasos a alguien — to tail somebody

seguir los pasos de alguien — to follow in somebody's footsteps

volver sobre sus pasos — to retrace one's steps

b) pasos masculino plural ( en baloncesto) traveling*, steps (pl)

hacer pasos — to travel

4)

a) ( distancia corta)

vive a dos pasos de mi casa — he lives a stone's throw (away) from my house

estuvo a un paso de la muerte — she was at death's door

está a un paso de aquí — it's just around the corner/down the road from here

de ahí al estrellato no hay más que un paso — it's only a short step from there to stardom

b) ( avance) step forward

eso ya es un paso (adelante) — that's a step forward in itself

c) ( de gestión) step

hemos dado los pasos necesarios — we have taken the necessary steps

5) ( en contador) unit

6)

a) (ritmo, velocidad)

apretó/aminoró el paso — he quickened his pace/he slowed down

el tren iba a buen paso — the train was going at a fair speed

a este paso... — at this rate...

a paso de hormiga or tortuga — at a snail's pace

marcar el paso — to mark time

b) (Equ)

al paso — at a walking pace

•

- paso ligero or redoblado

* * *

paso¹

¹ = footstep, step, footprint, pace.

Ex: Leforte could usually identify those footsteps easily; but today they sounded less forceful and deliberate.

Ex: The first step in assigning intellectual responsibility to a corporate body must be a definition of a corporate body.

Ex: In later years, the famous book mythological significance of muddy footprints introduced me to the ancient Hippopotamian culture.

Ex: Among other buildings afire or still smoldering in eastern Baghdad today were the city hall and the National Library which was so thoroughly burned that heat still radiated 50 paces from its front doors.

* abrir paso a = make + way (for).

* abrirse paso = jostle, break through, elbow + Posesivo + way into, elbow into.

* acelerar el paso = quicken + the pace, smarten + Posesivo + pace.

* a este paso = at this rate.

* aflojar el paso = slow down, slow up.

* aminorar el paso = slow down, slow up.

* a paso de tortuga = at a snail's pace.

* a paso ligero = on the double.

* a pasos agigantados = at an exponential rate, at exponential rates, by leaps and bounds.

* a un paso = within a stone's throw (away/from).

* a un paso asombroso = at an astounding pace.

* a un paso de = a heartbeat away from.

* a un paso rápido = at a rapid pace.

* a un paso relajado = at a strolling pace.

* barrera de paso a nivel = level-crossing gate.

* caminar con paso pesado = plod (along/through).

* ceder el paso = give + way (to), yield + the right of way.

* contador de pasos = step counter.

* dar el primer paso = make + a start, take + the first step.

* dar los pasos necesarios = take + steps.

* dar los primeros pasos en = venture into.

* dar otro paso muy importante = reach + another milestone.

* dar paso (a) = give + way (to), yield to, make + way (for).

* dar un gran paso adelante = reach + milestone.

* dar un paso = make + step.

* dar un paso adelante = step up.

* dar un paso al frente = step up.

* dar un paso en falso = make + a false move.

* dar un paso hacia delante = take + a step forward, step up.

* dejar paso = step + aside.

* dejar paso (a) = give + way (to).

* derecho de paso = the right of way, right of entry.

* desandar los pasos de = retrace + Posesivo + footsteps, retrace + Posesivo + steps.

* hacer que + Nombre + dé un paso hacia delante = take + Nombre + a/one step forward.

* impedir el paso = block in.

* llave de paso = spigot, faucet, tap, stopcock, stop valve.

* llave de paso del agua = water valve.

* llevar a cabo una serie de pasos anteriormente realizados = execute + steps.

* obstaculizar el paso = block in.

* otro paso más hacia + Posesivo + destrucción = another nail in + Posesivo + coffin.

* paso adelante = step up.

* paso a nivel = level-crossing.

* paso a paso = one step at a time, step by step, stage by stage, stepwise.

* paso atrás = backward step, retrograde step.

* paso de cebra = zebra crossing.

* paso de la gente = flow of people.

* paso del comercio = flow of commerce.

* Paso del Noroeste, el = North West Passage, the.

* paso de peatones = zebra crossing, pedestrian crossing, pelican crossing.

* paso de tortuga = snail's pace.

* paso en falso = false move.

* paso fronterizo = border crossing.

* paso hacia adelante = step forward.

* paso hacia atrás = retrograde step, step backward(s), step back.

* paso inferior = underpass.

* paso ininterrumpido de = steady flow of.

* paso intermedio = half-way house, stepping stone.

* paso peatonal = pedestrian crossing.

* paso subterráneo = underground walkway.

* Posesivo + primeros pasos = Posesivo + first steps.

* preferencia de paso = the right of way.

* primer paso = stake in the ground.

* primer paso de, el = thin edge of the wedge, the.

* realizar una tarea paso a paso = go through.

* saltarse pasos intermedios = jump + steps.

* seguir los pasos de = follow in + the footsteps of.

* seguir + Posesivo + pasos = follow in + Posesivo + footsteps.

* seguir unos pasos = follow + steps.

* señal de prohibido el paso = No Entry sign.

* ser un gran paso adelante = be half the battle.

* tener derecho de paso = have + the right of way.

* tomar un paso decisivo = take + the plunge.

* un paso por delante de = one step ahead of.

* válvula de paso = stop valve, stopcock.

* volver sobre los pasos de Uno = double-back, retrace + Posesivo + steps, retrace + Posesivo + footsteps, go back on + Posesivo + steps.

paso²

² = stage, passing.

Ex: The first stage in the choice of access points must be the definition of an author.

Ex: Perhaps an openly expressed disbelief in his activities is one of the marks of the passing of this stage.

* ave de paso = bird of passage.

* cambiar con el paso del tiempo = change over + time.

* con el paso de = with the passing of.

* con el paso de los años = with the passing of (the) years.

* con el paso del tiempo = over the years, over time, with the passage of time, as time goes by, in due course, over a period of time, in the course of time, over the course of time, in the process of time, as time passed (by), as time passes (by), as time went by.

* de paso = by the way, by the by(e).

* deteriorado por el paso del tiempo = timeworn.

* dicho sea de paso = by the way, on a sidenote, by the by(e).

* el paso del tiempo = the passage of time, the sands of time.

* en varios pasos = multi-step.

* llave de paso = shut-off valve.

* paso elevado = overpass.

* paso elevado de peatones = pedestrian overpass.

* paso elevado para peatones = pedestrian overpass.

* paso inferior = subway.

* paso inferior de peatones = pedestrian underpass.

* paso inferior para peatones = pedestrian underpass.

* paso subterráneo = underpass, subway.

* paso subterráneo de peatones = pedestrian underpass.

* paso subterráneo para peatones = pedestrian underpass.

* quedar anulado con el paso del tiempo = be overtaken by events.

* resistir el paso del tiempo = stand + the test of time, withstand + the test of time, survive + the test of time, pass + the test of time.

* válvula de paso = shut-off valve.

paso³

³ = transfer, transition, changeover [change-over], handover [hand-over].

Ex: When the record transfer is complete, the catalog summary screen is shown for the new record so that the user can review and update it.

Ex: Hierarchical relationships must be indicated in order that users may make the transition from a first access point to related terms or access points.

Ex: The changeover has resulted in more rapid machine-editing of input and reduced costs for cataloguing.

Ex: The author assesses the prospects of Hong Kong after the handover of the colony to China in 1997 when it will once again be competing with Shanghai as the publishing hub of the Orient.

* * *

paso¹

masculine

A

1

(acción): las compuertas controlan el paso del agua the hatches control the flow of water

a su paso por la ciudad el río se ensancha the river widens as it flows through the city

el paso de los camiones había causado grietas en la calzada cracks had appeared in the road surface caused by the passage of so many trucks o because of all the trucks using it

hizo frente a todo lo que encontró a su paso he faced up to every obstacle in his path

con el paso del tiempo se desgastó la piedra the stone got worn down with time o with the passing o passage of time

[ S ] ceda el paso yield ( in US), give way ( in UK)

[ S ] prohibido el paso no entry

al paso (en ajedrez) en passant

de paso: no viven aquí, están de paso they don't live here, they're just visiting o they're just passing through

de paso puedo dejarles el paquete I can drop the package off on my way

lo mencionó pero sólo de paso he mentioned it but only in passing

lleva esto a la oficina y de paso habla con la secretaria take this to the office and while you're there have a word with the secretary

te lo recogeré si quieres, me pilla de paso I'll pick it up for you if you like, it's on my way

archiva estas fichas y de paso comprueba todas las direcciones file these cards and while you're at it o about it check all the addresses

y dicho sea de paso … and incidentally …

ave

2 (camino, posibilidad de pasar) way

abran paso make way

se puso en medio y me cerró el paso she stood in front of me and blocked my way

por aquí no hay paso you can't get through this way

dejen el paso libre leave the way clear

abrirse paso to make one's way

el sol se abría paso entre las nubes the sun was breaking through the clouds

consiguió abrirse paso a codazos entre la gente she managed to elbow her way through the crowd

no te será difícil abrirte paso en la vida you won't have any problems making your way in life o getting on in life

salir al paso de algn to waylay sb

salir al paso de algo to forestall sth

B ( Geog) (en una montaña) pass

salir del paso to get out of a (tight) spot o ( AmE) crack ( colloq)

Compuestos:

● paso a desnivel

( Méx) paso elevado

● paso a nivel

grade crossing ( AmE), level crossing ( BrE)

● paso de cebra

zebra crossing, crosswalk ( AmE)

● paso de gatos

( Méx) catwalk

● paso del Ecuador

(en un barco) celebration held to mark the crossing of the Equator; (de estudiantes) celebration held halfway through a college course

● paso de peatones

crosswalk ( AmE), pedestrian crossing ( BrE)

● paso elevado

overpass ( AmE), flyover ( BrE)

● paso fronterizo

border crossing

● paso subterráneo

(para peatones) underpass, subway ( BrE); (para vehículos) underpass

C

1 (movimiento al andar) step

dio un paso para atrás he took a step backward(s), he stepped backward(s)

¡un paso al frente! one step forward!

camina 50 pasos al norte walk 50 paces to the north

dirigió sus pasos hacia la puerta she walked toward(s) the door

oyó pasos en el piso de arriba she heard footsteps on the floor above

con paso firme subió las escaleras he climbed the stairs purposefully

no da un paso sin consultar a su marido she won't do anything without asking her husband first

paso a paso step by step

siguieron el juicio paso a paso they followed the trial step by step

paso a paso se fue abriendo camino en la empresa he gradually worked his way up in the company

me lo explicó paso por paso she explained it to me step by step

a cada paso at every turn

a pasos agigantados by leaps and bounds

la informática avanza a pasos agigantados information technology is advancing by leaps and bounds, enormous strides are being made in information technology

dar los primeros pasos (literal) to take one's first steps, start to walk; (iniciarse en algo) to start out

dio sus primeros pasos como actor en televisión he started out o made his debut as a television actor

dar un paso en falso (literal) to stumble; (equivocarse) to make a false move

dar un paso en falso en política puede conducir al desastre one false move o putting one foot wrong in politics can lead to disaster

seguirle los pasos a algn to tail sb

seguir los pasos de algn to follow in sb's footsteps

volver sobre sus pasos to retrace one's steps

2

(distancia corta): vive a dos pasos de mi casa he lives a stone's throw (away) from my house

estuvo a un paso de la muerte she was at death's door

ánimo, ya estamos a un paso come on, we're nearly there now

está a un paso de aquí it's just around the corner o down the road from here

de ahí a convertirse en drogadicto no hay más que un paso it's only a short step from there to becoming a drug addict

3 (logro, avance) step forward

el que te haya llamado ya es un paso (adelante) the fact that he's called you is a step forward in itself

supone un gran paso en la lucha contra la enfermedad it is a great step forward o a great advance in the fight against the illness

4 (de una gestión) step

hemos dado los pasos necesarios we have taken the necessary steps

5 (de baile) step

6 pasos mpl (en baloncesto) traveling*, steps (pl)

hacer pasos to travel

D

1 (de un tornillo, una rosca) pitch

2 (en un contador) unit

E

1

(ritmo, velocidad): aminoró el paso he slowed down

al ver que la seguían apretó el paso when she realized she was being followed she quickened her pace

el tren iba a buen paso the train was going at a fair speed

a este paso no llegamos ni a las diez at this rate we won't even get there by ten o'clock

a este paso te vas a poner enfermo if you carry on like this, you'll get ill, at this rate o (if you carry on) the way you're going, you'll get ill

escribía los nombres al paso que yo se los leía she wrote down the names as I read them out to her

a paso de hormiga or tortuga at a snail's pace

llevar el paso to keep in step

marcar el paso to mark time

en ese colegio te van a hacer marcar el paso they'll make you toe the line at that school

2 ( Equ):

al paso at a walking pace

Compuesto:

paso ligero or redoblado

a paso ligero or redoblado double quick, in double time

F (de la pasión) float ( in Holy Week processions)

paso² -sa

adjective

ciruela, uva

* * *

Del verbo pasar: ( conjugate pasar)

paso es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

pasó es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

Multiple Entries:
pasar
paso
pasar ( conjugate pasar) verbo intransitivo
1
a) ( ir por un lugar) to come/go past;

◊ no ha pasado ni un taxi not one taxi has come/gone past;

los otros coches no podían paso the other cars weren't able to get past;
no dejan paso a nadie they're not letting anyone through;
paso de largo to go right o straight past;
paso por la aduana to go through customs;
es un vuelo directo, no pasa por Miami it's a direct flight, it doesn't go via Miami;
¿este autobús pasa por el museo? does this bus go past the museum?;
pasamos por delante de su casa we went past her house;
pasaba por aquí y … I was just passing by o I was in the area and …
b) ( deteniéndose en un lugar):

◊ ¿podríamos paso por el banco? can we stop off at the bank?;

pasa un día por casa why don't you drop o come by the house sometime?;
puede paso a recogerlo mañana you can come and pick it up tomorrow
c) ( atravesar) to cross;

◊ paso de un lado a otro [persona/barco] to go o cross from one side to the other;

[ humedad] to go through from one side to the other
d) ( caber):

◊ no pasoá por la puerta it won't go through the door

2 ( entrar — acercándose al hablante) to come in;
(— alejándose del hablante) to go in;
◊ pase, por favor please, do come in;

¡que pase el siguiente! next, please!;
haga paso al Sr Díaz show Mr Díaz in please
3
a) (transmitirse, transferirse) [corona/título] to pass;

◊ pasó de mano en mano it was passed around (to everyone)

b) ( comunicar):

◊ te paso con Javier ( en el mismo teléfono) I'll hand o pass you over to Javier;

( en otro teléfono) I'll put you through to Javier
4
a) (Educ) to pass;

◊ paso de curso to get through o pass one's end-of-year exams

b) ( ser aceptable):

◊ no está perfecto, pero puede paso it's not perfect, but it'll do;

por esta vez, (que) pase I'll let it pass o go this time
5
◊ pasar por

a) ( ser tenido por):

◊ podrían paso por hermanas they could pass for sisters;

ver tb hacerse II 3
b) ( experimentar) to go through;

◊ paso por una crisis to go through a crisis

( suceder) to happen;
◊ cuéntame lo que pasó tell me what happened;

lo que pasa es que… the thing o the problem is …;
pase lo que pase whatever happens, come what may;
siempre pasa igual or lo mismo it's always the same;
¿qué pasa? what's the matter?, what's up? (colloq);
¿qué te pasa? what's the matter with you?;
¿qué te pasó en el ojo? what happened to your eye?;
¿qué le pasa a la tele? what's wrong with the TV?;
eso le pasa a cualquiera that can happen to anybody;
no le pasó nada nothing happened to him
1 ( transcurrir) [tiempo/años] to pass, go by;
◊ pasoon muchos años many years went by o passed;

ya han pasado dos horas it's been two hours now;
un año pasa muy rápido a year goes very quickly;
¡cómo pasa el tiempo! doesn't time fly!
2 ( cesar) [crisis/mal momento] to be over;
[ efecto] to wear off;
[ dolor] to go away
3 ( arreglárselas) paso sin algo to manage without sth
verbo transitivo
1
a) (cruzar, atravesar) ‹ frontera› to cross;

‹pueblo/ciudad› to go through
b) ( dejar atrás) ‹edificio/calle› to go past

c) (adelantar, sobrepasar) to overtake

2
a) ( hacer atravesar) paso algo POR algo to put sth through sth;

◊ paso la salsa por un tamiz to put the sauce through a sieve

b) (por la aduana —legalmente) to take through;

(— ilegalmente) to smuggle
3 ( hacer recorrer):
◊ paso la aspiradora to vacuum, to hoover (BrE);

pásale un trapo al piso give the floor a quick wipe;
hay que pasole una plancha it needs a quick iron
4 (exhibir, mostrar) ‹película/anuncio› to show
5 ‹examen/prueba› to pass
6 ‹página/hoja› to turn;
◊ paso por alto ‹falta/error› to overlook;

‹tema/punto› to leave out, omit
1 (entregar, hacer llegar):
◊ pásaselo a Miguel pass it on to Miguel;

¿me pasas el martillo? can you pass me the hammer?
2 ( contagiar) to give, to pass on
1
a) ‹ tiempo› to spend;

◊ pasamos las Navidades en casa we spent Christmas at home;

fuimos a Toledo a paso el día we went to Toledo for the day
b) ( con idea de continuidad):

◊ pasé toda la noche en vela I was awake all night;

pasa todo el día al teléfono she spends all day on the phone
c) pasarlo or pasarla bien to have a good time;

◊ ¿qué tal lo pasaste en la fiesta? did you have a good time at the party?, did you enjoy the party?;

lo pasé mal I didn't enjoy myself
2 (sufrir, padecer) ‹penalidades/desgracias› to go through, to suffer;
◊ pasé mucho miedo/frío I was very frightened/cold

pasarse verbo pronominal
1 ( cambiarse):
◊ pasose al enemigo to go over to the enemy

2
a) ( ir demasiado lejos) to go too far;

◊ nos pasamos de estación we went past our station;

esta vez te has pasado (fam) you've gone too far this time
b) ( enf) (fam) (ir):

◊ pásate por casa come round;

¿podrías pasote por el mercado? could you go down to the market?
3
a) [peras/tomates] to go bad, get overripe;

[carne/pescado] to go off, go bad;
[ leche] to go off, go sour
b) (recocerse) [arroz/pasta] to get overcooked

1
a) ( desaparecer) [ efecto] to wear off;

[ dolor] to go away;
(+ me/te/le etc)
◊ ya se me pasó el dolor the pain's gone o eased now;

espera a que se le pase el enojo wait until he's calmed o cooled down
b) ( transcurrir):

◊ el año se ha pasado muy rápido this year has gone very quickly;

ver tb pasar verbo transitivo III 1
2 (+ me/te/le etc)
a) ( olvidarse):

◊ se me pasó su cumpleaños I forgot his birthday

b) ( dejar escapar):

◊ se me pasó la oportunidad I missed the opportunity

paso sustantivo masculino
1
a) ( acción):

◊ el paso del tren the passing of the train;

el paso del tiempo the passage of time;
el paso de la dictadura a la democracia the transition from dictatorship to democracy;
de paso: están de paso they're just visiting o just passing through;
me pilla de paso it's on my way;
y dicho sea de paso … and incidentally …
b) (camino, posibilidad de pasar) way;

◊ abrir/dejar paso (a algn/algo) to make way (for sth/sb);

me cerró el paso she blocked my way;
dejen el paso libre leave the way clear;

( on signs) ceda el paso yield ( in US), give way ( in UK);
( on signs) prohibido el paso no entry;
◊ paso de cebra zebra crossing;

paso de peatones crosswalk (AmE), pedestrian crossing (BrE);
paso a nivel grade (AmE) o (BrE) level crossing;
paso elevado or (Méx) a desnivel overpass (AmE), flyover (BrE);
paso subterráneo ( para peatones) underpass, subway (BrE);

( para vehículos) underpass;
◊ abrirse paso to make one's way;

( a codazos) to elbow one's way;
◊ salir al paso de algn ( abordar) to waylay sb;

( detener) to stop sb
2 (Geog) ( en montaña) pass;
◊ salir del paso to get out of a (tight) spot o (AmE) crack (colloq)

3
a) (al andar, bailar) step;

◊ dio un paso para atrás he took a step backward(s);

oyó pasos she heard footsteps;
entró con paso firme he came in purposefully;
paso a paso step by step;
seguirle los pasos a algn to tail sb;
seguir los pasos de algn to follow in sb's footsteps
b) ( distancia corta):

◊ vive a dos pasos de mi casa he lives a stone's throw (away) from my house;

está a un paso de aquí it's just around the corner/down the road from here
c) ( avance) step forward;

◊ eso ya es un paso (adelante) that's a step forward in itself

d) ( de gestión) step

4 (ritmo, velocidad):
◊ apretó/aminoró el paso he quickened his pace/he slowed down;

a este paso … at this rate …;
a paso de hormiga or tortuga at a snail's pace;
marcar el paso to mark time
5 ( en contador) unit
pasar
I verbo transitivo
1 to pass
2 (trasladar) to move
3 (dar) to pass, give: no me pasó el recado, he didn't give me the message
4 (hojas de libro) to turn
5 (el tiempo, la vida) to spend, pass
6 (soportar, sufrir) to suffer, endure: está pasando una crisis personal, she's going through a personal crisis
pasamos sed y calor, we suffered thirst and heat
7 (río, calle, frontera) to cross
8 (tragar) to swallow
9 (tolerar, aguantar) to bear
10 (introducir) to insert, put through
11 (un examen, una eliminatoria) to pass
12 Cine to run, show: este sábado pasan Ben Hur, they're putting Ben Hur on this Saturday
II verbo intransitivo
1 to pass: ¿a qué hora pasa el tren?, what time does the train pass?
Cervantes pasó por aquí, Cervantes passed this way
ya pasó, it has already passed
pasar de largo, to go by (without stopping)
2 (entrar) to come in
3 (ser tolerable) to be acceptable: no está mal, puede pasar, it isn't bad, it will do
4 (exceder) to surpass: no pases de los 70 km/h, don't exceed 70 km/h
5 (a otro asunto) to go on to
pasar a ser, to become
6 (tiempo) to pass, go by
7 (arreglarse, apañarse) pasar sin, to do without: puedo pasar sin coche, I can manage without a car
8 fam (no tener interés, prescindir) pasa de lo que digan, don't mind what they say
paso de ir al cine, I'll give the cinema a miss
9 (suceder) to happen: ¿qué pasa?, what's going on?
¿qué le pasa?, what's the matter with him?
pase lo que pase, whatever happens o come what may
♦ Locuciones: pasar algo a limpio, to make a fair copy of sthg
pasarlo bien/mal, to have a good/difficult time
pasar por, to put up with: paso por que me digas que estoy gorda, pero no pienso tolerar que me amargues cada comida, I can handle you calling me fat, but I'm not having you ruin every single meal for me
pasar por alto, to overlook: pasaré por alto esa observación, I'll just ignore that remark
paso sustantivo masculino
1 step: caminaban a paso ligero, they walked quickly
(sonido de pisadas) footstep
(de un baile) step
2 (camino, pasillo) passage, way
Auto ceda el paso, give way
paso a nivel, level o US grade crossing
paso de cebra, zebra crossing
paso de peatones, pedestrian crossing, US crosswalk
paso subterráneo, (para peatones) subway
(para vehículos) underpass
prohibido el paso, no entry
3 (acción) passage, passing: estamos de paso en la ciudad, we are just passing through the town
a su paso por la Universidad, when he was at University
el lento paso de las horas, the slow passing of the hours
4 Tel unit
5 Geol (entre montañas) mountain pass
6 Náut strait
♦ Locuciones: abrirse paso, (entre la multitud, maleza) to make one's way, (en la vida) to get ahead
salir del paso, to get out of trouble
a cada paso, constantly, every other minute
' paso' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
apretar
- arramblar
- atravesar
- bando
- bloquear
- cabeza
- cada
- calamidad
- cebra
- ceder
- cerrar
- converger
- cortar
- dar
- dado
- desvirtuar
- disfraz
- esclarecimiento
- estela
- filtración
- franca
- franco
- impedir
- infierno
- ligera
- ligero
- lista
- llave
- magín
- mayor
- nivel
- obstaculizar
- pasar
- pasarse
- patata
- peatonal
- por
- prohibida
- prohibido
- rebote
- rito
- segura
- seguro
- sino
- subterránea
- subterráneo
- testigo
- tránsito
- ver
- vela
English:
ahead
- amok
- arrogant
- bar
- battle
- begrudge
- block
- block in
- break through
- breakthrough
- brisk
- by
- childhood
- clarify
- clear
- coast
- come over
- crossing
- crosswalk
- dizzy
- dwindle
- evaluation
- explanation
- false move
- faux pas
- float
- flyover
- footstep
- give
- go by
- going
- graze
- grow out of
- hysterical
- lazy
- level crossing
- life
- lively
- mop
- move
- nail
- obstruction
- ocean
- overboard
- overpass
- pace
- pass
- pass along
- pass by
- pass through

* * *

paso

♦ nm

1. [con el pie] step;
[huella] footprint;
dar un paso adelante o [m5] al frente to step forwards, to take a step forwards;

dar un paso atrás [al andar] to step backwards, to take a step backwards;
[en proceso, negociaciones] to take a backward step;
aprendí unos pasos de baile I learnt a few dance steps;

oía pasos arriba I could hear footsteps upstairs;

se veían sus pasos sobre la nieve you could see its footprints in the snow;

a cada paso [cada dos por tres] every other minute;

está a dos o [m5] cuatro pasos (de aquí) it's just down the road (from here);

vivimos a un paso de la estación we live just round the corner from o a stone's throw away from the station;

el ruso está a un paso de hacerse campeón the Russian is on the verge of o just one small step away from becoming champion;

a pasos agigantados at a terrific rate, at a rate of knots;

la economía crece a pasos agigantados the economy is growing at a rate of knots;

el SIDA se propaga a pasos agigantados AIDS is spreading like wildfire o at an alarming rate;

la ingeniería genética avanza a pasos agigantados genetic engineering has made giant o enormous strides;

dar un paso en falso o [m5] un mal paso [tropezar] to stumble;
[equivocarse] to make a false move o a mistake; Fig
no dio ni un paso en falso he didn't put a foot wrong;

seguir los pasos a alguien [perseguir, vigilar] to tail sb;

seguir los pasos de alguien [imitar] to follow in sb's footsteps;

volvimos sobre nuestros pasos we retraced our steps

2. [acción] passing;
[cruce] crossing; [camino de acceso] way through, thoroughfare;
con el paso del tiempo with the passage of time;

con el paso de los años as the years go by;

el paso de la juventud a la madurez the transition from youth to adulthood;

su paso fugaz por la universidad his brief spell at the university;

el Ebro, a su paso por Zaragoza the Ebro, as it flows through Zaragoza;

la tienda está en una zona de mucho paso the shop is in a very busy area;
también Fig
abrir paso a alguien to make way for sb;

abrirse paso [entre la gente, la maleza] to make one's way;

abrirse paso en la vida/en el mundo de la política to get on o ahead in life/politics;

¡abran paso! make way!;

ceder el paso (a alguien) [dejar pasar] to let (sb) past;
[en automóvil] to Br give way o US yield (to sb);
ceda el paso [en letrero] Br give way, US yield;

cerrar o [m5] cortar el paso a alguien to block sb's way;

de paso [de pasada] in passing;
[aprovechando] while I'm/you're/ etc at it;
de paso que vienes, tráete las fotos de las vacaciones you may as well bring the photos from your Br holiday o US vacation when you come;

la estación me pilla de paso the station's on my way;

estar de paso [en un lugar] to be passing through;

prohibido el paso [en letrero] no entry;

salir al paso a alguien, salir al paso de alguien [acercarse] to come up to sb;
[hacer detenerse] to come and bar sb's way;
salir al paso de algo [rechazar] to respond to sth

Comp
paso de cebra Br zebra crossing, = pedestrian crossing marked with black and white lines; Méx paso a desnivel Br flyover, US overpass;
paso del Ecuador [en barco] crossing the line ceremony;
[en universidad] = (celebration marking) halfway stage in a university course;
paso elevado Br flyover, US overpass;

paso fronterizo border crossing (point);

paso a nivel Br level crossing, US grade crossing;

paso a nivel con barrera Br gated level crossing, US protected grade crossing;

paso a nivel sin barrera Br ungated level crossing, US unprotected grade crossing;
Chile paso bajo nivel Br subway, US underpass;
paso peatonal o de peatones pedestrian crossing;

paso subterráneo Br subway, US underpass

3. [forma de andar] walk;
[ritmo] pace;
con paso cansino se dirigió a la puerta he walked wearily towards the door;

a buen paso at a good rate;

a este paso o [m5]al paso que vamos, no acabaremos nunca at this rate o at the rate we're going, we'll never finish;

al paso [en equitación] at a walk;

a paso lento slowly;

a paso ligero at a brisk pace;
Mil at the double;
aflojar el paso to slow down;

apretar el paso to go faster, to speed up;

llevar el paso to keep step;

marcar el paso to keep time;

Comp

a paso de tortuga at a snail's pace

Comp
Mil paso de la oca goose-step
4. Geog [en montaña] pass;
[en el mar] strait
5. [trámite, etapa, acontecimiento] step;
[progreso] step forward, advance;
antes de dar cualquier paso siempre me pregunta she always asks me before doing anything;

dar los pasos necesarios to take the necessary steps;

dar los primeros pasos hacia la paz to take the first steps towards peace;

la aprobación de una constitución supondría un gran paso para la democracia the passing of a constitution would be a big step forward for democracy;

explícamelo paso a o [m5] por paso explain it to me step by step;

paso a o [m5] por paso se ganó la confianza de sus alumnos she gradually won the confidence of her pupils;

salir del paso to get out of trouble

6. [de llamadas telefónicas, consumo eléctrico] unit

7. [en procesión] float [in Easter procession]

8.
pasos [en baloncesto] travelling;

hacer pasos to travel

♦ interj

make way!

* * *

paso

1 m

1 step;

paso a paso step by step;

a cada paso at every step;

a dos pasos de fig a stone’s throw (away) from;

volver sobre sus pasos retrace one’s steps;

dar un mal paso o

un paso en falso make a false move;

seguir los pasos a alguien follow s.o., dog s.o.’s footsteps;

seguir los pasos de alguien follow in s.o.’s footsteps;

pasos pl en baloncesto traveling sg, Br travelling sg ;

hacer pasos en baloncesto travel

2 ( manera de andar) walk

3 ( ritmo) pace, rate;

a este paso fig at this rate;

al paso que vamos at the rate we’re going;

a paso ligero at the double;

llevar el paso MIL keep in step;

marcar el paso MIL mark time

4 de agua flow; de tráfico movement;

cerrar el paso de la calle block off o close the street;

prohibido el paso no entry;

ceda el paso yield, Br give way;

observaba el paso del agua/de la gente he watched the water flow past/the world go by

5 ( cruce) crossing

6 de tiempo passing

7 ( huella) footprint

8 ( camino)

:

de paso on the way;

estar de paso be passing through;

dicho sea de paso and incidentally;

¡paso! make way!, let me through!;

abrirse paso push one’s way through; fig carve out a path for o.s.;

salir al paso de alguien waylay s.o.;

salir del paso get out of a tight spot

paso

2 m REL float in Holy Week procession

* * *

paso, -sa adj

: dried

ciruela pasa: prune

paso nm

1) : passage, passing

de paso: in passing, on the way

2) : way, path

abrirse paso: to make one's way

3) : crossing

paso de peatones: crosswalk

paso a desnivel: underpass

paso elevado: overpass

4) : step

paso a paso: step by step

5) : pace, gait

a buen paso: quickly, at a good rate

* * *

paso n

1. (en general) step

el niño dio tres pasos the baby took tree steps

fue un gran paso para la ciencia it was a great step for science

2. (pisada) footstep

unos pasos sobre la nieve footsteps in the snow

3. (tránsito)

el Tormes a su paso por Salamanca the Tormes at Salamanca

4. (transcurso) passing / passage

con el paso de los años with the passing of the years

a este paso at this rate

abrir paso to make way

abrirse paso to make your way

acelerar el paso to speed up

ceda el paso give way

de paso (al mismo tiempo) while you're there / while you're about it (de camino) on your way

estar a dos pasos to be a stone's throw away

estar de paso to be passing through

paso a nivel level crossing

paso de cebra zebra crossing

paso de montaña mountain pass

paso elevado (para vehículos) flyover (para peatones) footbridge

paso subterráneo (para vehículos) underpass (para peatones) subway

paso de peatones pedestrian crossing

Spanish-English dictionary > paso
11 clear

1. [klıə] a
1. ясный, светлый

clear day - ясный день

clear sky - чистое /ясное, безоблачное/ небо

2. 1) чистый, прозрачный

clear water of the lake - чистая /прозрачная/ вода озера

clear glass - прозрачное стекло

2) зеркальный ( о поверхности)

3. отчётливый, ясный

clear outline - ясное /отчётливое/ очертание

clear sight - хорошее зрение

clear reflection in the water - ясное отражение в воде

clear view - хорошая видимость

4. 1) звонкий, отчётливый, чистый ( о звуке)

clear tone - чистый звук

clear voices of the children - звонкие детские голоса

2) отчётливый, внятный; чёткий

his delivery was clear and distinct - он говорил внятно и отчётливо

5. ясный, понятный; не вызывающий сомнений

clear conclusion - ясный вывод

a clear case of murder - явное /несомненное/ убийство

to make a clear statement - высказаться ясно и определённо

to have a clear idea - иметь ясное представление

it is clear to me what he is driving at - разг. мне понятно, к чему он клонит

I am not clear on the point - мне этот вопрос не ясен

I am not clear (about)... - я не уверен, что...

6. светлый, ясный, логический ( об уме)

clear intellect - ясный /светлый/ ум

clear head - светлая голова

7. 1) свободный, незанятый; беспрепятственный

clear passage - свободный проход /проезд/

clear line - ж.-д. свободный путь; свободный перегон

clear opening - тех. просвет; свободное сечение

clear way - мор. фарватер

next week is clear, let's meet then - будущая неделя у меня не занята, давай тогда и встретимся

2) тел. свободный, незанятый ( о линии)

8. чистый; здоровый

clear conscience - чистая совесть

clear skin - чистая кожа (без прыщей и т. п.)

9. (of) свободный (от чего-л.)

clear of debt [of worry] - не обременённый долгами [заботами]

clear of suspicion - вне подозрений

he is clear of all bad intentions - у него нет дурных намерений

roads clear of traffic - закрытая для движения дорога

clear of strays - радио свободный от атмосферных помех

we are clear of danger now - мы сейчас вне опасности

10. 1) полный, целый; весь

clear month - целый /весь/ месяц

2) чистый (о доходе и т. п.)

a hundred pounds clear profit - сто фунтов чистой прибыли

I get a clear £50 a week - я получаю 50 фунтов в неделю чистыми

11. абсолютный, совершенный, полный

a clear victory - полная победа

he obtained a clear majority - он получил явное /убедительное/ большинство ( голосов)

12. тех. незадевающий; свободно проходящий

13. фон. светлый

clear l sound - светлый оттенок звука l

14. в грам. знач. сущ. клер, нешифрованный текст

in clear - клером, в незашифрованном виде, открытым текстом

♢ to be in the clear - быть вне подозрений, снять с себя обвинение

the coast is clear - путь свободен, препятствий нет

all clear - а) путь свободен; б) воен. противник не обнаружен

all clear signal - сигнал отбоя ( после тревоги)

(as) clear as day - ясно как день

(as) clear as that two and two make four - ясно как дважды два четыре

(as) clear as a bell - ясно слышный, отчётливый
2. [klıə] adv
1. ясно

2. эмоц.-усил. совсем, совершенно; целиком; начисто

three feet clear - целых три фута

3. (of) в стороне от (чего-л.)

to steer clear (of) - избегать, сторониться

keep clear of pickpockets! - остерегайтесь воров!

keep clear of the traffic! - соблюдайте осторожность при переходе улиц

4. спорт. чисто

(to be) clear abreast [ahead, astern] - (быть) чисто в стороне [впереди, позади] ( о яхте в соревновании)

♢ to see one's way clear to do smth. - не видеть препятствий к чему-л.

to get clear away - а) удрать, не оставив следов; б) отделаться; разделаться; ≅ выйти сухим из воды

to get clear of = to get clear away б)

to keep clear of smth. - держаться вдали /в стороне/ от чего-л., сторониться чего-л.
3. [klıə] v
1. 1) очищать

thunder has cleared the air - после грозы воздух стал чистым

to clear the table - убирать со стола

2) очищаться, становиться ясным, чистым; делаться прозрачным:

the sky is clearing - небо очищается от туч

the weather is clearing - погода проясняется

the wine will clear if the sediment is allowed to settle - вино становится прозрачным, если дать ему отстояться

2. объяснить, разъяснить, пролить свет

to clear one's meaning - разъяснить смысл /значение/ своих слов

to clear smb. in regard to a matter - разъяснить кому-л. вопрос

3. освобождать, очищать; убирать, устранять препятствия

to clear the stones from the road - убрать с дороги камни

to clear the snow from the walk - очистить дорожку от снега

to clear a way [a passage] - освободить /очистить/ дорогу [проход]

to clear the way - открыть путь

to clear the way for future action - расчистить путь /подготовить почву/ для дальнейших действий

to clear the ground - расчистить участок земли ( под пашню)

land cleared for cultivation - земля, расчищенная для посева

to clear the room [the court] of people - освободить /очистить/ комнату [зал суда] (от людей)

clear the way! - разойдитесь!, освободите дорогу!; посторонись!, берегись!

to clear one's mind of doubts [suspicions] - отбросить сомнения [отделаться от подозрений]

4. оправдывать; очищать от подозрений

to clear one's character [one's name] - восстановить свою репутацию [своё доброе имя]

to clear oneself of a charge - оправдаться

5. 1) взять, преодолеть препятствие

to clear a hedge - перемахнуть /перепрыгнуть/ через изгородь

to clear the hurdle - спорт. преодолеть препятствие

to clear the bar /the height/ - спорт. брать высоту

he cleared the bar at six feet - спорт. он взял высоту в шесть футов

2) едва не задеть, избежать

to clear an iceberg at sea - (еле-еле) избежать столкновения с айсбергом

our bus just managed to clear the truck - наш автобус едва не столкнулся с грузовиком

a tree with branches that barely clear the roof - дерево, ветки которого почти касаются крыши

6. воен. вывозить, эвакуировать

to clear casualties - эвакуировать раненых

to clear the enemy - очистить от противника (район и т. п.)

7. распутывать (верёвку и т. п.)

to clear a hawser [a fishing-line] - распутать трос [лесу]

8. разгружать

to clear a ship of her cargo - разгрузить корабль

9. 1) заплатить долг, произвести расчёт; оплатить (расходы и т. п.)

this sum will clear all his debts - эта сумма покроет все его долги

to clear an encumbered estate - очистить имение от долгов

2) банк. производить клиринг чеков или векселей; производить расчёт по векселям или чекам через расчётную палату

10. ком. очищать (товары, груз) от пошлин; выполнять таможенные формальности

to clear a ship at the custom-house - произвести очистку судна на таможне

11. ком. получать чистую прибыль

the firm cleared £300 000 - фирма получила триста тысяч фунтов стерлингов чистой прибыли

12. распродавать, устраивать распродажи

to clear goods - распродавать товары

13. дать допуск к (совершенно) секретной работе

14. спорт. отбить (мяч и т. п.)

to clear a corner - отбить угловой в поле ( футбол)

to clear the puck - выбить шайбу из зоны защиты ( хоккей)

15. спец. осветлять; очищать

16. тел. разъединять ( абонентов)

17. (with) амер. согласовать (с кем-л.)

you must clear your plan with the headquarters - насчёт своего плана вы должны договориться с руководством

18. расшифровывать, декодировать

♢ to clear an examination paper - ответить на все вопросы по экзаменационному билету

to clear the coast - расчистить путь, устранить препятствия

to clear one's throat /voice/ - откашляться

to clear the decks (for action) - а) мор. приготовиться к бою; б) приготовиться к действиям /к борьбе/

to clear the air /the atmosphere/ - разрядить атмосферу, устранить недоразумения

to clear the skirts of smb. - смыть позорное пятно с кого-л.; восстановить чью-л. репутацию

to clear a score /scores/ - расквитаться

НБАРС > clear
12 clear

1. a ясный, светлый

clear day — ясный день

clear aim — ясная цель

a clear head — ясный ум

amply clear — абсолютно ясно

clear weather — ясная погода

clear as day — ясно как день

2. a чистый, прозрачный

clear water of the lake — чистая вода озера

clear ice — чистый лёд

clear copy — чистая копия

clear water — чистая вода

clear skin — чистая кожа

clear fuel — чистое топливо

3. a зеркальный

4. a отчётливый, ясный

clear outline — ясное очертание

clear sight — хорошее зрение

clear definition — ясное определение

everything is not clear — не всё ясно

clear conception — ясное представление

clear terms — ясные, определённые условия

a clear base for action — ясный план действий

5. a звонкий, отчётливый, чистый

clear tone — чистый звук

clear round — чистая черева

clear profit — чистая прибыль

clear days — чистые, полные дни

clear hawse — чистые якорные цепи

clear conscience — чистая совесть

6. a отчётливый, внятный; чёткий

his delivery was clear and distinct — он говорил внятно и отчётливо

clear speech — отчётливый выговор

7. a ясный, понятный; не вызывающий сомнений

clear conclusion — ясный вывод

a clear case of murder — явное убийство

to make a clear statement — высказаться ясно и определённо

to have a clear idea — иметь ясное представление

it is clear to me what he is driving at — мне понятно, к чему он клонит

clear air turbulence — турбулентность в ясном небе

couched in clear terms — облечённый в ясные слова

to be in the clear — быть вне подозрений

clear of suspicion — вне подозрений

clear cut — четкий; ясно выраженный

8. a светлый, ясный, логический

clear intellect — ясный ум

clear l sound — светлый оттенок звука l

clear sweet water — светлые промои

clear perception — ясное понимание

perfectly clear — совершенно ясно

clear idea — ясное представление

9. a свободный, незанятый; беспрепятственный

clear passage — свободный проход

clear line — свободный путь; свободный перегон

clear opening — свободное сечение

rotate clear — свободно вращаться

rotated clear — свободно вращался

rotating clear — свободное вращение

clear area — свободная область; чистый участок

10. a чистый; здоровый

clear conscience — чистая совесть

clean clear coated: ?? — чистое и четкое изображение "СЗ"

11. a полный, целый; весь

clear month — целый месяц

all clear button — кнопка "все очистить"

12. a абсолютный, совершенный, полный

a clear victory — полная победа

13. a тех. незадевающий; свободно проходящий

clear of — свободный от

clear band — свободная площадь

clear hand — свободная площадь

clear channel — свободный канал

14. a клер, нешифрованный текст

in clear — клером, в незашифрованном виде, открытым текстом

the coast is clear — путь свободен, препятствий нет

all clear signal — сигнал отбоя

clear as day — ясно как день

clear text — открытый текст

in the clear — открытым текстом

clear message — сообщение открытым текстом

message in clear — сообщение открытым текстом

sent a message in clear — послал донесение открытым текстом

15. adv ясно

clear meat soup — мясной бульон

clear utterance — ясная дикция

16. adv эмоц. -усил. совсем, совершенно; целиком; начисто

three feet clear — целых три фута

17. adv в стороне от

to steer clear — избегать, сторониться

clear runway status — состояние готовности ВПП к полетам

18. adv спорт. чисто

clear abreast — чисто в стороне

19. v очищать

thunder has cleared the air — после грозы воздух стал чистым

20. v очищаться, становиться ясным, чистым; делаться прозрачным

the sky is clearing — небо очищается от туч

clear solution — прозрачный раствор

perfectly clear eyes — прозрачные глаза

brilliantly clear wine — прозрачное вино

clear plaque — прозрачное стерильное пятно

clear stick — прозрачный косметический карандаш

21. v объяснить, разъяснить, пролить свет

clear spacing — расстояние в свету

width in the clear — ширина в свету

clear opening height — высота в свету

measurement in the clear — размер в свету

clear bar spacing — расстояние в свету между стержнями

22. v освобождать, очищать; убирать, устранять препятствия

to clear the stones from the road — убрать с дороги камни

to clear the snow from the walk — очистить дорожку от снега

to clear a way — освободить дорогу

to clear the way — открыть путь

to clear the way for future action — расчистить путь для дальнейших действий

to clear the ground — расчистить участок земли

land cleared for cultivation — земля, расчищенная для посева

clear the track open — освобождать путь для движения

failing to clear — столкновение с препятствием

clear the obstacle — преодолевать препятствие

failed to clear — столкнулся с препятствием

fail to clear — сталкиваться с препятствием

23. v оправдывать; очищать от подозрений

to clear oneself of a charge — оправдаться

to clear off — очищать, соскребать

24. v взять, преодолеть препятствие

to clear a hedge — перемахнуть через изгородь

to clear the hurdle — преодолеть препятствие

clear the coast — устранять препятствия

25. v едва не задеть, избежать

to clear an iceberg at sea — избежать столкновения с айсбергом

he is clear of all bad intentions — у него нет дурных намерений

26. v воен. вывозить, эвакуировать

to clear casualties — эвакуировать раненых

clear stores — вывозить грузы

clear the port — вывозить грузы с территории порта

clear of casualties — эвакуировать раненых и пораженных

27. v распутывать

to clear a hawser — распутать трос

28. v разгружать

to clear a ship of her cargo — разгрузить корабль

29. v заплатить долг, произвести расчёт; оплатить

this sum will clear all his debts — эта сумма покроет все его долги

clear debts — покрывать долги

clear the account — оплатить счет

clear of debt — не обременённый долгами

clear value — стоимость имущества после очистки долгов

30. v банк. производить клиринг чеков или векселей; производить расчёт по векселям или чекам через расчётную палату

очищать от пошлин; выполнять таможенные формальности

to clear inward — производить таможенную очистку по приходу

clear the horse — перепрыгать через гимнастического коня

clear support in astride — упор углом ноги врозь

clear a mine — проделывать проходы в минном поле

31. v ком. получать чистую прибыль

the firm cleared ?300 000 — фирма получила триста тысяч фунтов стерлингов чистой прибыли

a hundred pounds clear profit — сто фунтов чистой прибыли

32. v распродавать, устраивать распродажи

to clear goods — распродавать товары

clear goods — распродавать товары

33. v дать допуск к секретной работе

clear off — закончить недоделанную работу

clear side — бескостный свиной бок

clear varnish — бесцветный лак

clear lacquer — бесцветный лак

34. v спорт. отбить

to clear a corner — отбить угловой в поле

35. v спец. осветлять; очищать

36. v тел. разъединять

clear down — разъединять

to clear down — разъединять

37. v амер. согласовать

you must clear your plan with the headquarters — насчёт своего плана вы должны договориться с руководством

38. v расшифровывать, декодировать

to clear the coast — расчистить путь, устранить препятствия

Синонимический ряд:

1. apparent (adj.) apparent; evident; explicit; indisputable; manifest; noticeable; obvious; open-and-shut; openhanded; palpable; patent; plain; sharp; straightforward; unambiguous; unequivocal; univocal; unmistakable; unsubtle

2. bare (adj.) bare; devoid; empty; stark; vacant; vacuous; void

3. bright (adj.) bright; brilliant; crystal-clear; crystalline; limpid; lucid; pellucid; see-through; translucent; transparent

4. certain (adj.) alert; assured; certain; convinced; discerning; keen; positive; strong; sure; unconfused

5. clear-cut (adj.) clear-cut; crystal; lucent; luculent; luminous; perspicuous; tralucent; translucid; transpicuous; unblurred

6. decided (adj.) decided; definite; pronounced; unquestionable

7. distinct (adj.) articulate; comprehensible; conspicuous; distinct; intelligible; legible; perceptible; visible

8. fair (adj.) calm; clarion; cloudless; fair; fine; pacific; pleasant; quiet; rainless; serene; sunny; sunshine; sunshining; sunshiny; unclouded; undarkened; untroubled

9. free (adj.) disengaged; free; limitless; open; unencumbered; unfastened; unfettered; unhampered; unhindered; unimpeded; unobstructed

10. innocent (adj.) absolved; acquitted; excused; exonerated; innocent; irreproachable; not guilty; vindicated

11. unblemished (adj.) clean; immaculate; pure; smooth; spotless; unblemished; undefiled; unsullied

12. unbroken (adj.) faultless; flawless; unbroken; unmarked

13. unimpeded (adj.) open; unimpeded; unobstructed

14. absolve (verb) absolve; acquit; disculpate; exculpate; excuse; exonerate; pardon; resolve; vindicate

15. approve (verb) approve; authorize; sanction

16. brighten (verb) break up; brighten; expose; lighten

17. burn off (verb) burn off

18. clarify (verb) clarify; clear up; elucidate; explain; illuminate; illustrate

19. clean (verb) clean; police; spruce; straighten; tidy

20. cleanse (verb) blank out; cleanse; erase; expurgate; purge; purify; wash; wipe clean

21. clear off (verb) clear off; discharge; liquidate; pay up; quit; satisfy; settle; square

22. extricate (verb) clear away; cut away; discumber; disembarrass; disembroil; disencumber; disengage; disentangle; disentwine; extricate; remove obstructions; unentangle; unscramble; untangle; untie; untwine

23. free (verb) clean out; drain; empty; evacuate; flush; free; open; unblock; vacate; void

24. hurdle (verb) go over; hurdle; jump over; leap; negotiate; over; overleap; surmount; vault

25. liberate (verb) emancipate; let go; liberate; set free; set loose; unchain; unfetter

26. make (verb) clean up; gain; make; net; profit; realize

27. pass (verb) carry; pass

28. pay (verb) bring in; draw; earn; gross; pay; produce; realise; repay; return; yield

29. remove (verb) abolish; annihilate; blot out; eradicate; exterminate; extinguish; obliterate; remove; root out; rub out; snuff out; stamp out; uproot; wipe out

30. rid (verb) lose; release; relieve; rid; shake; shake off; throw off; unburden

31. vanish (verb) disappear; evanesce; evanish; evaporate; fade; vanish

32. well (other) afond; altogether; completely; entirely; fully; perfectly; quite; right; roundly; thoroughly; utterly; well; wholly

Антонимический ряд:

accuse; ambiguous; befoul; clog; cloudy; condemned; confined; confused; contaminate; culpable; dark; deny; dim; disturbed; doubtful; dubious; embarrass; encumber; inaudible; lose; murky; obscure; obstruct; obstructed

English-Russian base dictionary > clear
13 że

z, ze Ⅰ praep. 1. (przed określeniami miejsca) from (czegoś sth); (o pomieszczeniu, pojemniku) from, out of (czegoś sth); (o powierzchni) off (czegoś sth)
- z Polski/ze Szkocji from Poland/Scotland

- pamiątka z Japonii a souvenir from Japan

- św. Franciszek z Asyżu St Francis of Assisi

- jechać z Berlina do Warszawy to go from Berlin to Warsaw

- wyszedł z domu o trzeciej he left home at three

- wyjął pieniądze z portfela he took some money out of his wallet

- zjechał na sankach z górki he went down the hill on a sledge

- gwóźdź wystający z deski a nail sticking out of a plank

- zdjął obraz ze ściany he took the picture off the wall

- sprzątnęła brudne naczynia ze stołu she cleared the dirty dishes off the table

- podniósł coś z podłogi he picked something up off the floor

- zsiadł z konia he got off the horse
2. (określający kierunek, stronę) from (czegoś sth)
- hałasy dochodzące z góry noises coming from upstairs

- widok z wieży kościoła the view from the church tower

- z każdej strony a. ze wszystkich stron from all sides, from every side

- z lewej/prawej strony (znajdować się) on a. to the left/right; (zbliżać się) from the left/right

- z mojej lewej/prawej strony (tuż obok) by my left/right side; (nieco dalej) to my left/right

- z tamtej strony brzeg jest bagnisty on the other side the shore is marshy

- z przodu/tyłu at the front/back
3. (określający źródło, pochodzenie) from (czegoś sth)
- informacje pochodzące z dziennika telewizyjnego information from the TV News

- dane z rocznika statystycznego data from a statistical yearbook

- wiadomość z pewnej gazety information from a certain newspaper

- znał jej adres z książki telefonicznej he knew her address from the telephone directory

- wiem o tym z doświadczenia I know it from experience

- z badań rynkowych wynika, że… from market research it emerges that…

- dyrektor z wyboru/nominacji an elected/a nominated director

- towary z importu imported goods

- odrzuty z eksportu export rejects

- znalazł sobie pracę z ogłoszenia he found a job through an ad
4. (z określeniami czasu) from, of (czegoś sth)
- zamek z XV wieku a castle (dating) from the 15th century

- fotografie z lat szkolnych photographs from one’s school days

- jego list z 12 maja his letter of 12 May

- to jest rachunek za telefon z ubiegłego miesiąca this is the phone bill for a. from last month

- z rana in the morning

- z samego rana first thing in the morning
5. (wskazuje na podstawę, wzór) from (czegoś sth)
- rysunek z natury a drawing from nature

- odpis z oryginału a duplicate of the original

- wyrecytować coś z pamięci to recite sth from memory

- przepisał dane z tablicy he copied down the data from the board
6. (wskazuje na surowiec) of, from (czegoś sth)
- z drzewa/ze stali of a. from wood/steel

- zasmażka z mąki i wywaru a roux of a. from flour and stock

- z czego to jest zrobione? what is it made of a. from?

- wiązanka z czerwonych róż a bunch of red roses

- sok z wiśni/malin cherry/raspberry juice

- sałatka z pomidorów/selera a tomato/celery salad

- dom wybudowany z cegieł a brick-built house
7. (wskazuje na zbiór) of (kogoś/czegoś sb/sth)
- któryś z nich/nas one of them/us

- jeden z uczniów one of the pupils

- żaden z nauczycieli none of the teachers

- najstarszy/najmłodszy z nich the oldest/youngest of them

- czy któryś z was go zna? do any of you know him?

- czy coś z tego rozumiesz? do you understand any of that?
8. (wskazuje na przyczynę stanu) out of, from (czegoś sth)
- z radości/ze strachu out of joy/fear

- z konieczności (out) of necessity

- zemdleć z wyczerpania to faint from exhaustion

- umrzeć z głodu die of starvation

- wyszła za mąż z miłości she married for love a. out of love

- udusił się z braku powietrza he suffocated through lack of air
9 (wskazuje na stan początkowy) from (kogoś/czegoś sb/sth)
- z nasion/pąków from seeds/buds

- wyrosła z niej śliczna dziewczyna she grew into a very pretty girl

- z majora awansował na pułkownika he was promoted from major to colonel

- inflacja spadła z 10 do 8 procent inflation went down from 10 to 8 per cent

- z niewinnej sprzeczki zrobiła się wielka awantura an innocent tiff turned into a big row pot.
10 (wskazuje na cechę) znany/słynny z czegoś well-known/famous for sth
- miasto słynie z zabytkowych budowli the town is famous for its historic buildings

- z oczu jest podobna do matki her eyes are like her mother’s

- ze sposobu bycia przypominał ojca he resembled his father in manner
11 (wskazuje na natężenie) z całego serca with all one’s heart
- ze wszystkich sił with all one’s might

- z całą dokładnością with the utmost accuracy

- podkreślić z całą mocą to emphasize most strongly

- z grubsza roughly

- z lekka lightly

- z rzadka rarely, seldom

- z uwagą attentively

- z wysiłkiem with (an) effort
12 (wskazuje na element całości) with (kimś/czymś sb/sth)
- kawa z mlekiem coffee with milk

- dom z ogrodem a house with a garden

- dziewczyna z niebieskimi oczami a girl with blue eyes

- matka z dzieckiem na ręku a mother carrying a. with a baby in her arms

- samolot ze stu osobami na pokładzie a plane with a hundred people on board

- chleb z masłem bread and butter

- mieszkanie z umeblowaniem a furnished flat

- sklep z używaną odzieżą a second-hand clothes shop

- deszcz ze śniegiem sleet

- podróżowała z mężem i dwojgiem dzieci she travelled with her husband and two children

- dyskutował z synem he was arguing with his son

- rozstał się ze swą przyjaciółką he parted with his girlfriend

- zaprzyjaźniła się z nim dwa lata temu she became friendly with him two years ago

- pójdziesz z nami do kina? are you going to the cinema with us?

- wyszedł na spacer z psem he took the dog for a walk

- porozmawiam z nim o tym jutro I’ll talk to him about it tomorrow
13 (wskazuje na sposób) with (czymś sth)
- z niedowierzaniem/ze zdumieniem in a. with disbelief/astonishment

- okno zamknęło się z trzaskiem the window closed with a bang

- obudził się z bólem głowy he woke up with a headache

- leżał na trawie z rękami pod głową he was lying on the grass with his hands behind his head

- płynąć z wiatrem/prądem to sail with the wind/current
14 (wskazuje na cel) pójść do kogoś z prośbą o radę to go to sb to request advice
- pośpieszyć komuś z pomocą to go to sb’s aid

- pojechał do Niemiec z wykładami he went to Germany on a lecture tour
15 (wskazuje na współzależność) with (czymś sth)
- z wiekiem with age

- wraz ze wzrostem ciśnienia with the growth of a. in pressure

- z czasem with a. in time

- z upływem czasu with the passing of time

- z każdym dniem/rokiem with each passing day/year
16 (z określeniami pory) with (czymś sth)
- z końcem/początkiem sierpnia at the end/beginning of August

- z nadejściem lata with the approach of summer
17 (eliptyczne) about (kimś/czymś sb/sth)
- co z artykułem? what about the article?

- co się z tobą działo? what have you been doing with yourself?

- co zrobić z tymi szmatami? what shall I do with these rags?

- z babcią jest źle, znowu miała atak Granny’s not well, she’s had another seizure
18 (w przysłówkach) literatura zwana z angielska science fiction literature known by the English name of science fiction
- ubrany z niemiecka dressed in German style

- mówił trochę z cudzoziemska he spoke with a slight foreign accent
Ⅱ part. around, about
- zajęło mi to z godzinę it took me around an hour

- miał ze czterdzieści lat he was around forty

* * *

prep; = z

* * *

I.

że¹

conj.

1. ( wprowadza zdanie podrzędne rozwijające treść) that; ona mówi, że on nie przyjdzie she says (that) he won't come; wiem, że to niemożliwe I know (that) it's impossible.

2. (wprowadza zdanie podrzędne wyrażające przyczynę, uzasadnienie) as, because, for; nie zrobię tego dlatego, że już ci nie wierzę I won't do it because I don't trust you anymore.

3. ( wprowadza zdanie podrzędne wyrażające skutek) so... that; był tak zmęczony, że ledwie szedł he was so tired that he could hardly walk.

4. ( w związkach wyrazowych) mimo że l. tyle że despite the fact that, in spite of the fact that; nadal był zdrów, tyle że się postarzał he was still in good health, except (for the fact) that he grew old.

II.

że²

particle

1. ( rozpoczyna zdanie) że też o tym nie wiedziałam! I wish I had known; że już nie wspomnę... let alone...; że tak powiem so to say, so to speak; że już nie wspomnę o X never mind X, not to mention X.

2. ( w składzie wyrażeń o charakterze spójnikowym lub modalnym) although, nevertheless; mimo że był chory, poszedł do szkoły although he was sick he went to school, he was sick, nevertheless he went to school; omalże almost; tylko że only.

3. (wyraża zniecierpliwienie, zdziwienie) wejdźże do come in; przestańże I wish you would stop.

The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > że
14 retirar

v.

1 to remove.

me ha retirado el saludo he's not speaking to me

2 to force to retire (jubilar) (a deportista).

una lesión lo retiró de la alta competición an injury forced him to retire from top-flight competition

3 to pick up, to collect.

puede pasar a retirar sus fotos el jueves you can pick your photos up o collect your photos on Thursday

4 to take back (retractarse de).

¡retira eso que o lo que dijiste! take that back!, take back what you said!

5 to withdraw, to draw off, to draw out, to retire.

Retiramos nuestro dinero We withdrew our money.

6 to call in, to call back.

La fábrica retiró diez piezas malas The factory called in ten damaged units.

* * *

retirar

► verbo transitivo

1 (apartar - gen) to take away, remove; (- un mueble) to move away

2 (un carnet) to take away

3 (algo dicho) to take back

4 (dinero, ley, moneda) to withdraw

5 (jubilar) to retire

► verbo pronominal retirarse

1 MILITAR to retreat, withdraw

2 (apartarse del mundo) to go into seclusion

3 (apartarse) to withdraw, draw back, move back

■ retírate, no veo move back, I can't see

4 (alejarse) to move away

■ retírate de la ventana, te van a ver move away from the window, they'll see you

5 (marcharse) to leave

■ cuando acabó, se retiró when he finished, he left

6 (irse a descansar) to retire

■ se retiró a su habitación she retired to her bedroom

7 (jubilarse) to retire

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

no se retire (al teléfono) hold on, don't hang up

* * *

verb

1) to take away, remove

2) withdraw

•

- retirarse

* * *

1. VT

1) [+ acusación, apoyo, subvención] to withdraw; [+ demanda] to withdraw, take back

han retirado su apoyo al Gobierno — they have withdrawn their support for the Government

les retiraron las subvenciones — they had their subsidies taken away o withdrawn

retiró su candidatura a la Presidencia — he stood down from the presidential election, he withdrew his candidacy for the presidency

la mayoría del electorado le ha retirado la confianza — he has lost the confidence o trust of the majority of the electorate

retirar la palabra a algn — to stop speaking to sb

retirar el saludo a algn — to stop saying hello to sb

2) [+ moneda, sello] to withdraw (from circulation); [+ autobús, avión] to withdraw (from service)

estos aviones serán retirados de o del servicio — these planes are to be withdrawn from service

el producto fue retirado del mercado — the product was withdrawn from the market o taken off the market

3) [+ permiso, carnet, pasaporte] to withdraw, take away

le han retirado el permiso de conducir — he's had his driving licence taken away

4) [+ dinero] to withdraw

fui a retirar dinero de la cuenta — I went to withdraw some money from my account

5) [+ tropas] to withdraw; [+ embajador] to recall, withdraw; [+ atleta, caballo] to withdraw, scratch

6) (=quitar) to take away, remove

la camarera retiró las copas — the waitress took the glasses away

le retiraron todos los objetos afilados de la celda — all sharp objects were removed from his cell

7) [+ cabeza, cara] to pull back, pull away; [+ mano] to draw back, withdraw; [+ tentáculo] to draw in

8) (=jubilar) to retire, pension off

2.

See:

retirarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( quitar) to remove, take away; ( apartar) to move away

retíralo de ahí un poco — move it a bit further away from there

retiró la cacerola del fuego — he removed the saucepan from the heat, he took the saucepan off the heat

el autobús fue retirado del servicio — the bus was withdrawn from service

retirar de la circulación — to withdraw from circulation

b) <cabeza/mano> to pull... back

retiré la mano de la bolsa — I took my hand out of the bag

c) <embajador/tropas> to withdraw, pull out

d) < jugador> to take off, pull... out of the game; <corredor/ciclista> to withdraw, pull out

e) (+ me/te/le etc) < apoyo> to withdraw; <pasaporte/carnet> to withdraw, take away

me retiró la palabra — she stopped speaking to me

2) <afirmaciones/propuesta> to withdraw

retiro lo dicho — I take back what I said

3)

a) (de cuenta, fondo) < dinero> to withdraw

b) ( recoger) <carnet/entradas> to collect
2.
retirarse v pron

1)

a) ( apartarse) to move back o away; ( irse) to leave, withdraw

cuando las aguas se retiraron — when the waters receded

b) ejército/tropas to withdraw, pull out

c) ( irse a dormir) to go to bed, retire (frml)

2) ( jubilarse) to retire; ( de actividad) to withdraw

se retiró de la carrera — ( antes de iniciarse) he pulled out of o withdrew from the race; ( una vez iniciada) he pulled out of o retired from the race

* * *

= pick up, withdraw, retire, take back, perfect, revoke, haul away.

Ex. Then these suggestion can be picked up by the editor, and communicated to the author.

Ex. Thus, all cards corresponding to documents covering 'Curricula' are withdrawn from the pack.

Ex. This article stresses the importance for libraries of making current informationav ailable on AIDS, and of retiring out-of-date information on the subject.

Ex. These are some of the questions the librarian may have to answer: 'Can you recommend a baby-sitter I can trust?', 'How can I stop the hire-purchase company taking back my furniture?', 'Which is the best shoe repairer's in the neighbourhood?'.

Ex. Even the fully-developed rotary, which soon included devices for cutting and folding the paper as well as for printing and perfecting it, remained fundamentally simple.

Ex. I would think that we would still charge for lost and damaged books and that we would revoke borrowing privileges of chronic offenders, or whatever we decide to call them.

Ex. City workers carried out orders to burn some of the library books, while others were buried with the aid of a bulldozer; the remaining books were loaded on trucks and hauled away to trash dumps on the outskirts of the city.

----

* retirar del mercado = withdraw from + sale, take off + the market.

* retirar dinero = withdraw + cash.

* retirar paulatinamente = phase out.

* retirarse = retreat, pull back, bow out, draw back, stand down, back out, walk out.

* retirarse a los aposientos de Uno = retire + at night.

* retirarse (de) = pull out of, pull away (from).

* retirarse por cobardía = wimp out (on), wimp, chicken out (on/of).

* retirarse por miedo = wimp out (on), wimp, chicken out (on/of).

* retirar una acusación = drop + a charge.

* retirar una propuesta = withdraw + proposal.

* retirar un libro en préstamo = check out + book.

* sin retirar = uncleared, uncollected.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( quitar) to remove, take away; ( apartar) to move away

retíralo de ahí un poco — move it a bit further away from there

retiró la cacerola del fuego — he removed the saucepan from the heat, he took the saucepan off the heat

el autobús fue retirado del servicio — the bus was withdrawn from service

retirar de la circulación — to withdraw from circulation

b) <cabeza/mano> to pull... back

retiré la mano de la bolsa — I took my hand out of the bag

c) <embajador/tropas> to withdraw, pull out

d) < jugador> to take off, pull... out of the game; <corredor/ciclista> to withdraw, pull out

e) (+ me/te/le etc) < apoyo> to withdraw; <pasaporte/carnet> to withdraw, take away

me retiró la palabra — she stopped speaking to me

2) <afirmaciones/propuesta> to withdraw

retiro lo dicho — I take back what I said

3)

a) (de cuenta, fondo) < dinero> to withdraw

b) ( recoger) <carnet/entradas> to collect
2.
retirarse v pron

1)

a) ( apartarse) to move back o away; ( irse) to leave, withdraw

cuando las aguas se retiraron — when the waters receded

b) ejército/tropas to withdraw, pull out

c) ( irse a dormir) to go to bed, retire (frml)

2) ( jubilarse) to retire; ( de actividad) to withdraw

se retiró de la carrera — ( antes de iniciarse) he pulled out of o withdrew from the race; ( una vez iniciada) he pulled out of o retired from the race

* * *

= pick up, withdraw, retire, take back, perfect, revoke, haul away.

Ex: Then these suggestion can be picked up by the editor, and communicated to the author.

Ex: Thus, all cards corresponding to documents covering 'Curricula' are withdrawn from the pack.

Ex: This article stresses the importance for libraries of making current informationav ailable on AIDS, and of retiring out-of-date information on the subject.

Ex: These are some of the questions the librarian may have to answer: 'Can you recommend a baby-sitter I can trust?', 'How can I stop the hire-purchase company taking back my furniture?', 'Which is the best shoe repairer's in the neighbourhood?'.

Ex: Even the fully-developed rotary, which soon included devices for cutting and folding the paper as well as for printing and perfecting it, remained fundamentally simple.

Ex: I would think that we would still charge for lost and damaged books and that we would revoke borrowing privileges of chronic offenders, or whatever we decide to call them.

Ex: City workers carried out orders to burn some of the library books, while others were buried with the aid of a bulldozer; the remaining books were loaded on trucks and hauled away to trash dumps on the outskirts of the city.

* retirar del mercado = withdraw from + sale, take off + the market.

* retirar dinero = withdraw + cash.

* retirar paulatinamente = phase out.

* retirarse = retreat, pull back, bow out, draw back, stand down, back out, walk out.

* retirarse a los aposientos de Uno = retire + at night.

* retirarse (de) = pull out of, pull away (from).

* retirarse por cobardía = wimp out (on), wimp, chicken out (on/of).

* retirarse por miedo = wimp out (on), wimp, chicken out (on/of).

* retirar una acusación = drop + a charge.

* retirar una propuesta = withdraw + proposal.

* retirar un libro en préstamo = check out + book.

* sin retirar = uncleared, uncollected.

* * *

retirar [A1 ]

vt

A

1 (quitar) to remove, take away; (apartar) to move o take away

retiraron las sillas para que pudiéramos bailar they moved o took away the chairs so that we could dance

el camarero retiró los platos the waiter took o cleared the plates away

retiraron los dos vehículos accidentados the two vehicles involved in the accident were moved out of the way o were removed

los vehículos mal estacionados serán retirados badly-parked vehicles will be towed (away) o removed

sin retirar la tapadera without taking off o removing the lid

retiraremos a nuestro embajador we shall recall o withdraw our ambassador

retirar algo DE algo:

retíralo de la chimenea un poco move it back from the fireplace a little, move it a bit further away from the fire

retiró la cacerola del fuego he removed the saucepan from the heat, he took the saucepan off the heat

retiraron los tres coches de la calzada the three cars were removed from o moved off the road

el autobús tuvo que ser retirado del servicio the bus had to be withdrawn from service

retiró el ejército de la frontera he withdrew the army from the border

serán retirados de la circulación they will be withdrawn from circulation

2 ‹cabeza/mano›

en el último momento retiró la cabeza at the last moment she pulled her head back o away

no intentes retirar la mano don't try to pull your hand back ( o out etc), don't try to remove o withdraw your hand

retirar algo DE algo:

retiré la mano de la bolsa I took my hand out of the bag, I removed o withdrew my hand from the bag

3 «entrenador» ‹jugador› to take off, pull … out of the game; ‹corredor/ciclista› to withdraw, pull out

4 (+ me/te/le etc) ‹apoyo› to withdraw; ‹pasaporte/carnet› to withdraw, take away

me retiró el saludo/la palabra she stopped saying hello to me/speaking to me

B ‹afirmaciones/acusación› to withdraw; ‹candidatura/propuesta› to withdraw

retiro lo dicho I take back o withdraw what I said

C

1 (de una cuenta, un fondo) ‹dinero› to withdraw

2 (recoger) ‹certificado/carnet/entradas› to collect

■ retirarse

v pron

A

1 (apartarse) to move back o away; (irse) to leave, withdraw

me retiré de la puerta para dejarle paso I moved back from o away from o I stood back from the door to let him through

puede retirarse you may go o ( frml) withdraw

el ejército se retiró de la zona the army withdrew from o pulled out of the area

se retiró a un convento he retired o withdrew to a monastery

cuando las aguas se retiraron when the waters receded o retreated

2 (irse a dormir) to go to bed, retire ( frml)

B

1 (jubilarse) to retire

2 (de una actividad) to withdraw

se retiró una semana antes de la votación he withdrew one week before the vote

se retiró de la vida pública she retired o withdrew from public life

se retiró de la carrera/competición (antes de iniciarse) he pulled out of o withdrew from the race/competition; (una vez iniciada) he pulled out of o retired from the race/competition

* * *

retirar ( conjugate retirar) verbo transitivo
1
a) ( quitar) to remove, take away;

( apartar) to move away;
◊ retiró la cacerola del fuego he removed the saucepan from the heat;

retirar de la circulación to withdraw from circulation
b) ‹cabeza/mano› to pull … back

c) ‹embajador/tropas› to withdraw, pull out

d) (+ me/te/le etc) ‹ apoyo› to withdraw;

‹pasaporte/carnet› to withdraw, take away
2 ‹afirmaciones/propuesta› to withdraw;
◊ retiro lo dicho I take back what I said

3 ( de cuenta) ‹ dinero› to withdraw
retirarse verbo pronominal
1
a) ( apartarse) to move back o away;

( irse) to leave, withdraw
b) [ejército/tropas] to withdraw, pull out

c) ( irse a dormir) to go to bed, retire (frml)

2 ( jubilarse) to retire;
( de competición — antes de iniciarse) to withdraw, pull out;
(— una vez iniciada) to pull out
retirar verbo transitivo
1 (de un lugar) to remove, move away: ya hemos retirado todos los muebles, we've already removed all of the furniture
2 (de una actividad) to retire from
3 (una ayuda, dinero) to withdraw
4 (un comentario) to take back: espero que retires esas palabras, I hope you take back those words
5 (el pasaporte, carné) to take away
' retirar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
quitar
- saludo
- desautorizar
- sacar
English:
draw back
- ex
- ground
- ill health
- phase
- pull out
- recall
- retire
- retract
- take back
- take out
- withdraw
- call
- disengage
- drop
- pull
- reclaim
- take

* * *

retirar

♦ vt

1. [quitar, sacar] to remove (a from); [moneda, producto] to withdraw (de from); [carné, pasaporte] to take away (a from); [ayuda, subvención, apoyo] to withdraw (a from); [ejército, tropas] to withdraw (de from); [embajador] to withdraw, to recall (de from);
retirar dinero del banco/de la cuenta to withdraw money from the bank/one's account;

el entrenador retiró a Claudio del terreno de juego/del equipo the manager took Claudio off/left Claudio out of the team;

me ha retirado el saludo she's not speaking to me

2. [apartar, quitar de en medio] [objeto] to move away;
[nieve] to clear; [mano] to withdraw;
habrá que retirar ese armario de ahí we'll have to move that wardrobe (away) from there;

retira el dedo o te cortarás move your finger back or you'll cut yourself

3. [recoger, llevarse] to pick up, to collect;

puede pasar a retirar sus fotos el jueves you can pick your photos up o collect your photos on Thursday

4. [retractarse de] [insultos, acusaciones, afirmaciones] to take back;
[denuncia] to drop;
¡retira eso que o [m5] lo que dijiste! take that back!, take back what you said!

5. [jubilar] [a empleado] to retire;

una lesión lo retiró de la alta competición an injury forced him to retire from top-flight competition

♦ See also the pronominal verb retirarse

* * *

retirar

v/t silla, obstáculo take away, remove; acusación, dinero withdraw

* * *

retirar vt

1) : to remove, to take away, to recall

2) : to withdraw, to take out

♦ See also the reflexive verb retirarse

* * *

retirar vb

1. (en general) to withdraw [pt. withdrew; pp. withdrawn]

le han retirado el pasaporte his passport has been withdrawn

retiró todo su dinero del banco he withdrew all his money from the bank

retiró la denuncia she withdrew the complaint

retira la olla del fuego remove the pan from the heat

2. (acusación, palabras) to take back [pt. took; pp. taken]

retiro lo dicho I take back what I said

Spanish-English dictionary > retirar
15 pójść

(-dę, -dziesz); imp -dź; pt poszedł, poszła, poszli; vb od iść

* * *

pójść

pf.

pójdę pójdziesz poszedł poszła poszli

1. (= skierować się) go, head for; pójść do kina/na spacer go for a walk/to the movies; pójść, gdzie oczy poniosą go and never look back; pójść w ślad za kimś follow sb; poszedł jak zmyty pot. he buzzed off, he cleared out.

2. (= zacząć coś) go; pójść na studia go to the university; pójść do pracy take a job; pójść do łóżka go to bed, go to sleep; pójść do więzienia go to prison l. jail; pójść za kratki pot. be sent down, be locked up; pójść komuś na rękę be accommodating with sb, do sb a favor; pójść na emeryturę retire; pójść na kompromis agree to a compromise; pójść na pierwszy ogień go over the top first; pójść na swoje start living on one's own; pójść o zakład make a bet; pójść pod mur be put against the wall; pójść pod nóż ( o zwierzętach) be slaughtered; pot. (= przejść operację) go under the knife; pojść pod młotek come under the hammer; pójść po rozum do głowy turn ( sth) over in one's mind; pójść w czyjeś ślady follow in sb's footsteps; pójść w górę go up; pójść w świat go in the world; pójść za czyjąś radą follow sb's advice; poszło mu w pięty he learnt a lesson; pójść z kimś do łóżka pot. go to bed with sb; poszło z dymem it went up in smoke; pójść w kąt be forgotten; nie pójdę na to pot. I'm not having it; o co poszło? what was the point?; lekko przyszło, lekko poszło easy come easy go; nauka nie poszła w las the lesson was not (has not been) forgotten.

3. (= zostać wysłanym) be sent; czy list już poszedł? has the letter been sent yet?

4. (= potoczyć się) go; poszło jak po maśle it went smooth, it went like a clockwork; wszystko poszło po naszej myśli everything turned out as we wished.

5. pot. (= zużyć) be spent, be used up; poszła opona the tire is gone, the tire is flat; żarówka poszła the bulb is gone, the bulb is burnt; wszystkie pieniądze poszły na remont domu all the money has been spent on the redecoration of the house; niech ci pójdzie na zdrowie! much good may it do you; praca całego życia poszła na marne a lifetime's work has been wasted, a lifetime's work is gone; kłótnia poszła w niepamięć the quarrel has been forgiven and forgotten.

The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > pójść
16 Z

z, ze Ⅰ praep. 1. (przed określeniami miejsca) from (czegoś sth); (o pomieszczeniu, pojemniku) from, out of (czegoś sth); (o powierzchni) off (czegoś sth)
- z Polski/ze Szkocji from Poland/Scotland

- pamiątka z Japonii a souvenir from Japan

- św. Franciszek z Asyżu St Francis of Assisi

- jechać z Berlina do Warszawy to go from Berlin to Warsaw

- wyszedł z domu o trzeciej he left home at three

- wyjął pieniądze z portfela he took some money out of his wallet

- zjechał na sankach z górki he went down the hill on a sledge

- gwóźdź wystający z deski a nail sticking out of a plank

- zdjął obraz ze ściany he took the picture off the wall

- sprzątnęła brudne naczynia ze stołu she cleared the dirty dishes off the table

- podniósł coś z podłogi he picked something up off the floor

- zsiadł z konia he got off the horse
2. (określający kierunek, stronę) from (czegoś sth)
- hałasy dochodzące z góry noises coming from upstairs

- widok z wieży kościoła the view from the church tower

- z każdej strony a. ze wszystkich stron from all sides, from every side

- z lewej/prawej strony (znajdować się) on a. to the left/right; (zbliżać się) from the left/right

- z mojej lewej/prawej strony (tuż obok) by my left/right side; (nieco dalej) to my left/right

- z tamtej strony brzeg jest bagnisty on the other side the shore is marshy

- z przodu/tyłu at the front/back
3. (określający źródło, pochodzenie) from (czegoś sth)
- informacje pochodzące z dziennika telewizyjnego information from the TV News

- dane z rocznika statystycznego data from a statistical yearbook

- wiadomość z pewnej gazety information from a certain newspaper

- znał jej adres z książki telefonicznej he knew her address from the telephone directory

- wiem o tym z doświadczenia I know it from experience

- z badań rynkowych wynika, że… from market research it emerges that…

- dyrektor z wyboru/nominacji an elected/a nominated director

- towary z importu imported goods

- odrzuty z eksportu export rejects

- znalazł sobie pracę z ogłoszenia he found a job through an ad
4. (z określeniami czasu) from, of (czegoś sth)
- zamek z XV wieku a castle (dating) from the 15th century

- fotografie z lat szkolnych photographs from one’s school days

- jego list z 12 maja his letter of 12 May

- to jest rachunek za telefon z ubiegłego miesiąca this is the phone bill for a. from last month

- z rana in the morning

- z samego rana first thing in the morning
5. (wskazuje na podstawę, wzór) from (czegoś sth)
- rysunek z natury a drawing from nature

- odpis z oryginału a duplicate of the original

- wyrecytować coś z pamięci to recite sth from memory

- przepisał dane z tablicy he copied down the data from the board
6. (wskazuje na surowiec) of, from (czegoś sth)
- z drzewa/ze stali of a. from wood/steel

- zasmażka z mąki i wywaru a roux of a. from flour and stock

- z czego to jest zrobione? what is it made of a. from?

- wiązanka z czerwonych róż a bunch of red roses

- sok z wiśni/malin cherry/raspberry juice

- sałatka z pomidorów/selera a tomato/celery salad

- dom wybudowany z cegieł a brick-built house
7. (wskazuje na zbiór) of (kogoś/czegoś sb/sth)
- któryś z nich/nas one of them/us

- jeden z uczniów one of the pupils

- żaden z nauczycieli none of the teachers

- najstarszy/najmłodszy z nich the oldest/youngest of them

- czy któryś z was go zna? do any of you know him?

- czy coś z tego rozumiesz? do you understand any of that?
8. (wskazuje na przyczynę stanu) out of, from (czegoś sth)
- z radości/ze strachu out of joy/fear

- z konieczności (out) of necessity

- zemdleć z wyczerpania to faint from exhaustion

- umrzeć z głodu die of starvation

- wyszła za mąż z miłości she married for love a. out of love

- udusił się z braku powietrza he suffocated through lack of air
9 (wskazuje na stan początkowy) from (kogoś/czegoś sb/sth)
- z nasion/pąków from seeds/buds

- wyrosła z niej śliczna dziewczyna she grew into a very pretty girl

- z majora awansował na pułkownika he was promoted from major to colonel

- inflacja spadła z 10 do 8 procent inflation went down from 10 to 8 per cent

- z niewinnej sprzeczki zrobiła się wielka awantura an innocent tiff turned into a big row pot.
10 (wskazuje na cechę) znany/słynny z czegoś well-known/famous for sth
- miasto słynie z zabytkowych budowli the town is famous for its historic buildings

- z oczu jest podobna do matki her eyes are like her mother’s

- ze sposobu bycia przypominał ojca he resembled his father in manner
11 (wskazuje na natężenie) z całego serca with all one’s heart
- ze wszystkich sił with all one’s might

- z całą dokładnością with the utmost accuracy

- podkreślić z całą mocą to emphasize most strongly

- z grubsza roughly

- z lekka lightly

- z rzadka rarely, seldom

- z uwagą attentively

- z wysiłkiem with (an) effort
12 (wskazuje na element całości) with (kimś/czymś sb/sth)
- kawa z mlekiem coffee with milk

- dom z ogrodem a house with a garden

- dziewczyna z niebieskimi oczami a girl with blue eyes

- matka z dzieckiem na ręku a mother carrying a. with a baby in her arms

- samolot ze stu osobami na pokładzie a plane with a hundred people on board

- chleb z masłem bread and butter

- mieszkanie z umeblowaniem a furnished flat

- sklep z używaną odzieżą a second-hand clothes shop

- deszcz ze śniegiem sleet

- podróżowała z mężem i dwojgiem dzieci she travelled with her husband and two children

- dyskutował z synem he was arguing with his son

- rozstał się ze swą przyjaciółką he parted with his girlfriend

- zaprzyjaźniła się z nim dwa lata temu she became friendly with him two years ago

- pójdziesz z nami do kina? are you going to the cinema with us?

- wyszedł na spacer z psem he took the dog for a walk

- porozmawiam z nim o tym jutro I’ll talk to him about it tomorrow
13 (wskazuje na sposób) with (czymś sth)
- z niedowierzaniem/ze zdumieniem in a. with disbelief/astonishment

- okno zamknęło się z trzaskiem the window closed with a bang

- obudził się z bólem głowy he woke up with a headache

- leżał na trawie z rękami pod głową he was lying on the grass with his hands behind his head

- płynąć z wiatrem/prądem to sail with the wind/current
14 (wskazuje na cel) pójść do kogoś z prośbą o radę to go to sb to request advice
- pośpieszyć komuś z pomocą to go to sb’s aid

- pojechał do Niemiec z wykładami he went to Germany on a lecture tour
15 (wskazuje na współzależność) with (czymś sth)
- z wiekiem with age

- wraz ze wzrostem ciśnienia with the growth of a. in pressure

- z czasem with a. in time

- z upływem czasu with the passing of time

- z każdym dniem/rokiem with each passing day/year
16 (z określeniami pory) with (czymś sth)
- z końcem/początkiem sierpnia at the end/beginning of August

- z nadejściem lata with the approach of summer
17 (eliptyczne) about (kimś/czymś sb/sth)
- co z artykułem? what about the article?

- co się z tobą działo? what have you been doing with yourself?

- co zrobić z tymi szmatami? what shall I do with these rags?

- z babcią jest źle, znowu miała atak Granny’s not well, she’s had another seizure
18 (w przysłówkach) literatura zwana z angielska science fiction literature known by the English name of science fiction
- ubrany z niemiecka dressed in German style

- mówił trochę z cudzoziemska he spoke with a slight foreign accent
Ⅱ part. around, about
- zajęło mi to z godzinę it took me around an hour

- miał ze czterdzieści lat he was around forty

* * *

nt

inv ( litera) Z, z

Z jak Zygmunt — ≈Z for zebra

* * *

Z

n.

( litera) Z, z; Z jak Zygmunt Z is for Zulu; Z as in Zulu.

The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > Z
17 z

z, ze Ⅰ praep. 1. (przed określeniami miejsca) from (czegoś sth); (o pomieszczeniu, pojemniku) from, out of (czegoś sth); (o powierzchni) off (czegoś sth)
- z Polski/ze Szkocji from Poland/Scotland

- pamiątka z Japonii a souvenir from Japan

- św. Franciszek z Asyżu St Francis of Assisi

- jechać z Berlina do Warszawy to go from Berlin to Warsaw

- wyszedł z domu o trzeciej he left home at three

- wyjął pieniądze z portfela he took some money out of his wallet

- zjechał na sankach z górki he went down the hill on a sledge

- gwóźdź wystający z deski a nail sticking out of a plank

- zdjął obraz ze ściany he took the picture off the wall

- sprzątnęła brudne naczynia ze stołu she cleared the dirty dishes off the table

- podniósł coś z podłogi he picked something up off the floor

- zsiadł z konia he got off the horse
2. (określający kierunek, stronę) from (czegoś sth)
- hałasy dochodzące z góry noises coming from upstairs

- widok z wieży kościoła the view from the church tower

- z każdej strony a. ze wszystkich stron from all sides, from every side

- z lewej/prawej strony (znajdować się) on a. to the left/right; (zbliżać się) from the left/right

- z mojej lewej/prawej strony (tuż obok) by my left/right side; (nieco dalej) to my left/right

- z tamtej strony brzeg jest bagnisty on the other side the shore is marshy

- z przodu/tyłu at the front/back
3. (określający źródło, pochodzenie) from (czegoś sth)
- informacje pochodzące z dziennika telewizyjnego information from the TV News

- dane z rocznika statystycznego data from a statistical yearbook

- wiadomość z pewnej gazety information from a certain newspaper

- znał jej adres z książki telefonicznej he knew her address from the telephone directory

- wiem o tym z doświadczenia I know it from experience

- z badań rynkowych wynika, że… from market research it emerges that…

- dyrektor z wyboru/nominacji an elected/a nominated director

- towary z importu imported goods

- odrzuty z eksportu export rejects

- znalazł sobie pracę z ogłoszenia he found a job through an ad
4. (z określeniami czasu) from, of (czegoś sth)
- zamek z XV wieku a castle (dating) from the 15th century

- fotografie z lat szkolnych photographs from one’s school days

- jego list z 12 maja his letter of 12 May

- to jest rachunek za telefon z ubiegłego miesiąca this is the phone bill for a. from last month

- z rana in the morning

- z samego rana first thing in the morning
5. (wskazuje na podstawę, wzór) from (czegoś sth)
- rysunek z natury a drawing from nature

- odpis z oryginału a duplicate of the original

- wyrecytować coś z pamięci to recite sth from memory

- przepisał dane z tablicy he copied down the data from the board
6. (wskazuje na surowiec) of, from (czegoś sth)
- z drzewa/ze stali of a. from wood/steel

- zasmażka z mąki i wywaru a roux of a. from flour and stock

- z czego to jest zrobione? what is it made of a. from?

- wiązanka z czerwonych róż a bunch of red roses

- sok z wiśni/malin cherry/raspberry juice

- sałatka z pomidorów/selera a tomato/celery salad

- dom wybudowany z cegieł a brick-built house
7. (wskazuje na zbiór) of (kogoś/czegoś sb/sth)
- któryś z nich/nas one of them/us

- jeden z uczniów one of the pupils

- żaden z nauczycieli none of the teachers

- najstarszy/najmłodszy z nich the oldest/youngest of them

- czy któryś z was go zna? do any of you know him?

- czy coś z tego rozumiesz? do you understand any of that?
8. (wskazuje na przyczynę stanu) out of, from (czegoś sth)
- z radości/ze strachu out of joy/fear

- z konieczności (out) of necessity

- zemdleć z wyczerpania to faint from exhaustion

- umrzeć z głodu die of starvation

- wyszła za mąż z miłości she married for love a. out of love

- udusił się z braku powietrza he suffocated through lack of air
9 (wskazuje na stan początkowy) from (kogoś/czegoś sb/sth)
- z nasion/pąków from seeds/buds

- wyrosła z niej śliczna dziewczyna she grew into a very pretty girl

- z majora awansował na pułkownika he was promoted from major to colonel

- inflacja spadła z 10 do 8 procent inflation went down from 10 to 8 per cent

- z niewinnej sprzeczki zrobiła się wielka awantura an innocent tiff turned into a big row pot.
10 (wskazuje na cechę) znany/słynny z czegoś well-known/famous for sth
- miasto słynie z zabytkowych budowli the town is famous for its historic buildings

- z oczu jest podobna do matki her eyes are like her mother’s

- ze sposobu bycia przypominał ojca he resembled his father in manner
11 (wskazuje na natężenie) z całego serca with all one’s heart
- ze wszystkich sił with all one’s might

- z całą dokładnością with the utmost accuracy

- podkreślić z całą mocą to emphasize most strongly

- z grubsza roughly

- z lekka lightly

- z rzadka rarely, seldom

- z uwagą attentively

- z wysiłkiem with (an) effort
12 (wskazuje na element całości) with (kimś/czymś sb/sth)
- kawa z mlekiem coffee with milk

- dom z ogrodem a house with a garden

- dziewczyna z niebieskimi oczami a girl with blue eyes

- matka z dzieckiem na ręku a mother carrying a. with a baby in her arms

- samolot ze stu osobami na pokładzie a plane with a hundred people on board

- chleb z masłem bread and butter

- mieszkanie z umeblowaniem a furnished flat

- sklep z używaną odzieżą a second-hand clothes shop

- deszcz ze śniegiem sleet

- podróżowała z mężem i dwojgiem dzieci she travelled with her husband and two children

- dyskutował z synem he was arguing with his son

- rozstał się ze swą przyjaciółką he parted with his girlfriend

- zaprzyjaźniła się z nim dwa lata temu she became friendly with him two years ago

- pójdziesz z nami do kina? are you going to the cinema with us?

- wyszedł na spacer z psem he took the dog for a walk

- porozmawiam z nim o tym jutro I’ll talk to him about it tomorrow
13 (wskazuje na sposób) with (czymś sth)
- z niedowierzaniem/ze zdumieniem in a. with disbelief/astonishment

- okno zamknęło się z trzaskiem the window closed with a bang

- obudził się z bólem głowy he woke up with a headache

- leżał na trawie z rękami pod głową he was lying on the grass with his hands behind his head

- płynąć z wiatrem/prądem to sail with the wind/current
14 (wskazuje na cel) pójść do kogoś z prośbą o radę to go to sb to request advice
- pośpieszyć komuś z pomocą to go to sb’s aid

- pojechał do Niemiec z wykładami he went to Germany on a lecture tour
15 (wskazuje na współzależność) with (czymś sth)
- z wiekiem with age

- wraz ze wzrostem ciśnienia with the growth of a. in pressure

- z czasem with a. in time

- z upływem czasu with the passing of time

- z każdym dniem/rokiem with each passing day/year
16 (z określeniami pory) with (czymś sth)
- z końcem/początkiem sierpnia at the end/beginning of August

- z nadejściem lata with the approach of summer
17 (eliptyczne) about (kimś/czymś sb/sth)
- co z artykułem? what about the article?

- co się z tobą działo? what have you been doing with yourself?

- co zrobić z tymi szmatami? what shall I do with these rags?

- z babcią jest źle, znowu miała atak Granny’s not well, she’s had another seizure
18 (w przysłówkach) literatura zwana z angielska science fiction literature known by the English name of science fiction
- ubrany z niemiecka dressed in German style

- mówił trochę z cudzoziemska he spoke with a slight foreign accent
Ⅱ part. around, about
- zajęło mi to z godzinę it took me around an hour

- miał ze czterdzieści lat he was around forty

* * *

nt

inv ( litera) Z, z

Z jak Zygmunt — ≈Z for zebra

* * *

I.

z¹, ze

prep.

+ Gen.

1. ( punkt wyjścia) from; z domu from home.

2. ( źródło informacji) from; z gazet/książki/doświadczenia from newspapers/the book/experience.

3. ( czas) from, of; z dziesiątego wieku from the 10th century; z rana in the morning; list z drugiego maja a letter of 2nd May.

4. (surowiec, składnik) of, from; zrobiony z drewna made of wood; stół z drewna wooden table.

5. (przynależność, zbiorowość) of, from; jeden z nas one of us; kolega ze szkoły a friend from school, school friend; z domu Janowska née l. nee Janowska.

6. ( przyczyna) (out) of; z bólu/nudów/radości (out) of pain/boredom/joy; z jakiej racji? for what reason?, how come?; ni z tego, ni z owego all of a sudden.

7. ( zmiana stanu) of; co z nami będzie? what's going to become of us?

8. ( nasilenie) with; z całych sił with all one's might; z całego serca with all one's heart, wholeheartedly.

9. (wzór, model) from; wyrecytować z pamięci recite from memory.

10. ( ograniczenie zakresu) at, by, in; podobny z wyglądu similar-looking; egzamin z angielskiego examination in English; ona jest dobra z biologii she's good at biology; on jest z zawodu leksykografem he's a lexicographer by profession.

11. ( tworzy wyrażenia przysłówkowe) z grubsza roughly; z lekka lightly, delicately; z rzadka rarely.

12. + Ins. ( towarzyszenie) with; jedź z nami come with us; deszcz ze śniegiem sleet.

13. + Ins. (element, składnik) and, with; chleb z masłem bread and butter; bułka z dżemem bread roll with jam; kawa ze śmietanką/mlekiem coffee with cream/milk; sklep z zabawkami toy store l. shop.

14. + Ins. ( stan) with; z wysiłkiem with effort; z uwagą attentively.

15. + Ins. (obiekt podlegający działaniu, stanowi) co z nim? how is he?

16. + Ins. ( cel) przyjść z pomocą come to sb's aid; przyjść do kogoś z wizytą pay sb a visit.

17. + Ins. ( skutek) with; z dobrym skutkiem with a good result; z powodzeniem successfully.

II.

z², ze

adv.

pot. (= około) about; z godzinę about an hour.

III.

Z, z

n.

( litera) Z, z; Z jak Zygmunt Z is for Zulu; Z as in Zulu.

The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > z
18 ze

z, ze Ⅰ praep. 1. (przed określeniami miejsca) from (czegoś sth); (o pomieszczeniu, pojemniku) from, out of (czegoś sth); (o powierzchni) off (czegoś sth)
- z Polski/ze Szkocji from Poland/Scotland

- pamiątka z Japonii a souvenir from Japan

- św. Franciszek z Asyżu St Francis of Assisi

- jechać z Berlina do Warszawy to go from Berlin to Warsaw

- wyszedł z domu o trzeciej he left home at three

- wyjął pieniądze z portfela he took some money out of his wallet

- zjechał na sankach z górki he went down the hill on a sledge

- gwóźdź wystający z deski a nail sticking out of a plank

- zdjął obraz ze ściany he took the picture off the wall

- sprzątnęła brudne naczynia ze stołu she cleared the dirty dishes off the table

- podniósł coś z podłogi he picked something up off the floor

- zsiadł z konia he got off the horse
2. (określający kierunek, stronę) from (czegoś sth)
- hałasy dochodzące z góry noises coming from upstairs

- widok z wieży kościoła the view from the church tower

- z każdej strony a. ze wszystkich stron from all sides, from every side

- z lewej/prawej strony (znajdować się) on a. to the left/right; (zbliżać się) from the left/right

- z mojej lewej/prawej strony (tuż obok) by my left/right side; (nieco dalej) to my left/right

- z tamtej strony brzeg jest bagnisty on the other side the shore is marshy

- z przodu/tyłu at the front/back
3. (określający źródło, pochodzenie) from (czegoś sth)
- informacje pochodzące z dziennika telewizyjnego information from the TV News

- dane z rocznika statystycznego data from a statistical yearbook

- wiadomość z pewnej gazety information from a certain newspaper

- znał jej adres z książki telefonicznej he knew her address from the telephone directory

- wiem o tym z doświadczenia I know it from experience

- z badań rynkowych wynika, że… from market research it emerges that…

- dyrektor z wyboru/nominacji an elected/a nominated director

- towary z importu imported goods

- odrzuty z eksportu export rejects

- znalazł sobie pracę z ogłoszenia he found a job through an ad
4. (z określeniami czasu) from, of (czegoś sth)
- zamek z XV wieku a castle (dating) from the 15th century

- fotografie z lat szkolnych photographs from one’s school days

- jego list z 12 maja his letter of 12 May

- to jest rachunek za telefon z ubiegłego miesiąca this is the phone bill for a. from last month

- z rana in the morning

- z samego rana first thing in the morning
5. (wskazuje na podstawę, wzór) from (czegoś sth)
- rysunek z natury a drawing from nature

- odpis z oryginału a duplicate of the original

- wyrecytować coś z pamięci to recite sth from memory

- przepisał dane z tablicy he copied down the data from the board
6. (wskazuje na surowiec) of, from (czegoś sth)
- z drzewa/ze stali of a. from wood/steel

- zasmażka z mąki i wywaru a roux of a. from flour and stock

- z czego to jest zrobione? what is it made of a. from?

- wiązanka z czerwonych róż a bunch of red roses

- sok z wiśni/malin cherry/raspberry juice

- sałatka z pomidorów/selera a tomato/celery salad

- dom wybudowany z cegieł a brick-built house
7. (wskazuje na zbiór) of (kogoś/czegoś sb/sth)
- któryś z nich/nas one of them/us

- jeden z uczniów one of the pupils

- żaden z nauczycieli none of the teachers

- najstarszy/najmłodszy z nich the oldest/youngest of them

- czy któryś z was go zna? do any of you know him?

- czy coś z tego rozumiesz? do you understand any of that?
8. (wskazuje na przyczynę stanu) out of, from (czegoś sth)
- z radości/ze strachu out of joy/fear

- z konieczności (out) of necessity

- zemdleć z wyczerpania to faint from exhaustion

- umrzeć z głodu die of starvation

- wyszła za mąż z miłości she married for love a. out of love

- udusił się z braku powietrza he suffocated through lack of air
9 (wskazuje na stan początkowy) from (kogoś/czegoś sb/sth)
- z nasion/pąków from seeds/buds

- wyrosła z niej śliczna dziewczyna she grew into a very pretty girl

- z majora awansował na pułkownika he was promoted from major to colonel

- inflacja spadła z 10 do 8 procent inflation went down from 10 to 8 per cent

- z niewinnej sprzeczki zrobiła się wielka awantura an innocent tiff turned into a big row pot.
10 (wskazuje na cechę) znany/słynny z czegoś well-known/famous for sth
- miasto słynie z zabytkowych budowli the town is famous for its historic buildings

- z oczu jest podobna do matki her eyes are like her mother’s

- ze sposobu bycia przypominał ojca he resembled his father in manner
11 (wskazuje na natężenie) z całego serca with all one’s heart
- ze wszystkich sił with all one’s might

- z całą dokładnością with the utmost accuracy

- podkreślić z całą mocą to emphasize most strongly

- z grubsza roughly

- z lekka lightly

- z rzadka rarely, seldom

- z uwagą attentively

- z wysiłkiem with (an) effort
12 (wskazuje na element całości) with (kimś/czymś sb/sth)
- kawa z mlekiem coffee with milk

- dom z ogrodem a house with a garden

- dziewczyna z niebieskimi oczami a girl with blue eyes

- matka z dzieckiem na ręku a mother carrying a. with a baby in her arms

- samolot ze stu osobami na pokładzie a plane with a hundred people on board

- chleb z masłem bread and butter

- mieszkanie z umeblowaniem a furnished flat

- sklep z używaną odzieżą a second-hand clothes shop

- deszcz ze śniegiem sleet

- podróżowała z mężem i dwojgiem dzieci she travelled with her husband and two children

- dyskutował z synem he was arguing with his son

- rozstał się ze swą przyjaciółką he parted with his girlfriend

- zaprzyjaźniła się z nim dwa lata temu she became friendly with him two years ago

- pójdziesz z nami do kina? are you going to the cinema with us?

- wyszedł na spacer z psem he took the dog for a walk

- porozmawiam z nim o tym jutro I’ll talk to him about it tomorrow
13 (wskazuje na sposób) with (czymś sth)
- z niedowierzaniem/ze zdumieniem in a. with disbelief/astonishment

- okno zamknęło się z trzaskiem the window closed with a bang

- obudził się z bólem głowy he woke up with a headache

- leżał na trawie z rękami pod głową he was lying on the grass with his hands behind his head

- płynąć z wiatrem/prądem to sail with the wind/current
14 (wskazuje na cel) pójść do kogoś z prośbą o radę to go to sb to request advice
- pośpieszyć komuś z pomocą to go to sb’s aid

- pojechał do Niemiec z wykładami he went to Germany on a lecture tour
15 (wskazuje na współzależność) with (czymś sth)
- z wiekiem with age

- wraz ze wzrostem ciśnienia with the growth of a. in pressure

- z czasem with a. in time

- z upływem czasu with the passing of time

- z każdym dniem/rokiem with each passing day/year
16 (z określeniami pory) with (czymś sth)
- z końcem/początkiem sierpnia at the end/beginning of August

- z nadejściem lata with the approach of summer
17 (eliptyczne) about (kimś/czymś sb/sth)
- co z artykułem? what about the article?

- co się z tobą działo? what have you been doing with yourself?

- co zrobić z tymi szmatami? what shall I do with these rags?

- z babcią jest źle, znowu miała atak Granny’s not well, she’s had another seizure
18 (w przysłówkach) literatura zwana z angielska science fiction literature known by the English name of science fiction
- ubrany z niemiecka dressed in German style

- mówił trochę z cudzoziemska he spoke with a slight foreign accent
Ⅱ part. around, about
- zajęło mi to z godzinę it took me around an hour

- miał ze czterdzieści lat he was around forty

* * *

prep; = z

* * *

I.

z¹, ze

prep.

+ Gen.

1. ( punkt wyjścia) from; z domu from home.

2. ( źródło informacji) from; z gazet/książki/doświadczenia from newspapers/the book/experience.

3. ( czas) from, of; z dziesiątego wieku from the 10th century; z rana in the morning; list z drugiego maja a letter of 2nd May.

4. (surowiec, składnik) of, from; zrobiony z drewna made of wood; stół z drewna wooden table.

5. (przynależność, zbiorowość) of, from; jeden z nas one of us; kolega ze szkoły a friend from school, school friend; z domu Janowska née l. nee Janowska.

6. ( przyczyna) (out) of; z bólu/nudów/radości (out) of pain/boredom/joy; z jakiej racji? for what reason?, how come?; ni z tego, ni z owego all of a sudden.

7. ( zmiana stanu) of; co z nami będzie? what's going to become of us?

8. ( nasilenie) with; z całych sił with all one's might; z całego serca with all one's heart, wholeheartedly.

9. (wzór, model) from; wyrecytować z pamięci recite from memory.

10. ( ograniczenie zakresu) at, by, in; podobny z wyglądu similar-looking; egzamin z angielskiego examination in English; ona jest dobra z biologii she's good at biology; on jest z zawodu leksykografem he's a lexicographer by profession.

11. ( tworzy wyrażenia przysłówkowe) z grubsza roughly; z lekka lightly, delicately; z rzadka rarely.

12. + Ins. ( towarzyszenie) with; jedź z nami come with us; deszcz ze śniegiem sleet.

13. + Ins. (element, składnik) and, with; chleb z masłem bread and butter; bułka z dżemem bread roll with jam; kawa ze śmietanką/mlekiem coffee with cream/milk; sklep z zabawkami toy store l. shop.

14. + Ins. ( stan) with; z wysiłkiem with effort; z uwagą attentively.

15. + Ins. (obiekt podlegający działaniu, stanowi) co z nim? how is he?

16. + Ins. ( cel) przyjść z pomocą come to sb's aid; przyjść do kogoś z wizytą pay sb a visit.

17. + Ins. ( skutek) with; z dobrym skutkiem with a good result; z powodzeniem successfully.

II.

z², ze

adv.

pot. (= około) about; z godzinę about an hour.

III.

Z, z

n.

( litera) Z, z; Z jak Zygmunt Z is for Zulu; Z as in Zulu.

The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > ze
19 Ź

z, ze Ⅰ praep. 1. (przed określeniami miejsca) from (czegoś sth); (o pomieszczeniu, pojemniku) from, out of (czegoś sth); (o powierzchni) off (czegoś sth)
- z Polski/ze Szkocji from Poland/Scotland

- pamiątka z Japonii a souvenir from Japan

- św. Franciszek z Asyżu St Francis of Assisi

- jechać z Berlina do Warszawy to go from Berlin to Warsaw

- wyszedł z domu o trzeciej he left home at three

- wyjął pieniądze z portfela he took some money out of his wallet

- zjechał na sankach z górki he went down the hill on a sledge

- gwóźdź wystający z deski a nail sticking out of a plank

- zdjął obraz ze ściany he took the picture off the wall

- sprzątnęła brudne naczynia ze stołu she cleared the dirty dishes off the table

- podniósł coś z podłogi he picked something up off the floor

- zsiadł z konia he got off the horse
2. (określający kierunek, stronę) from (czegoś sth)
- hałasy dochodzące z góry noises coming from upstairs

- widok z wieży kościoła the view from the church tower

- z każdej strony a. ze wszystkich stron from all sides, from every side

- z lewej/prawej strony (znajdować się) on a. to the left/right; (zbliżać się) from the left/right

- z mojej lewej/prawej strony (tuż obok) by my left/right side; (nieco dalej) to my left/right

- z tamtej strony brzeg jest bagnisty on the other side the shore is marshy

- z przodu/tyłu at the front/back
3. (określający źródło, pochodzenie) from (czegoś sth)
- informacje pochodzące z dziennika telewizyjnego information from the TV News

- dane z rocznika statystycznego data from a statistical yearbook

- wiadomość z pewnej gazety information from a certain newspaper

- znał jej adres z książki telefonicznej he knew her address from the telephone directory

- wiem o tym z doświadczenia I know it from experience

- z badań rynkowych wynika, że… from market research it emerges that…

- dyrektor z wyboru/nominacji an elected/a nominated director

- towary z importu imported goods

- odrzuty z eksportu export rejects

- znalazł sobie pracę z ogłoszenia he found a job through an ad
4. (z określeniami czasu) from, of (czegoś sth)
- zamek z XV wieku a castle (dating) from the 15th century

- fotografie z lat szkolnych photographs from one’s school days

- jego list z 12 maja his letter of 12 May

- to jest rachunek za telefon z ubiegłego miesiąca this is the phone bill for a. from last month

- z rana in the morning

- z samego rana first thing in the morning
5. (wskazuje na podstawę, wzór) from (czegoś sth)
- rysunek z natury a drawing from nature

- odpis z oryginału a duplicate of the original

- wyrecytować coś z pamięci to recite sth from memory

- przepisał dane z tablicy he copied down the data from the board
6. (wskazuje na surowiec) of, from (czegoś sth)
- z drzewa/ze stali of a. from wood/steel

- zasmażka z mąki i wywaru a roux of a. from flour and stock

- z czego to jest zrobione? what is it made of a. from?

- wiązanka z czerwonych róż a bunch of red roses

- sok z wiśni/malin cherry/raspberry juice

- sałatka z pomidorów/selera a tomato/celery salad

- dom wybudowany z cegieł a brick-built house
7. (wskazuje na zbiór) of (kogoś/czegoś sb/sth)
- któryś z nich/nas one of them/us

- jeden z uczniów one of the pupils

- żaden z nauczycieli none of the teachers

- najstarszy/najmłodszy z nich the oldest/youngest of them

- czy któryś z was go zna? do any of you know him?

- czy coś z tego rozumiesz? do you understand any of that?
8. (wskazuje na przyczynę stanu) out of, from (czegoś sth)
- z radości/ze strachu out of joy/fear

- z konieczności (out) of necessity

- zemdleć z wyczerpania to faint from exhaustion

- umrzeć z głodu die of starvation

- wyszła za mąż z miłości she married for love a. out of love

- udusił się z braku powietrza he suffocated through lack of air
9 (wskazuje na stan początkowy) from (kogoś/czegoś sb/sth)
- z nasion/pąków from seeds/buds

- wyrosła z niej śliczna dziewczyna she grew into a very pretty girl

- z majora awansował na pułkownika he was promoted from major to colonel

- inflacja spadła z 10 do 8 procent inflation went down from 10 to 8 per cent

- z niewinnej sprzeczki zrobiła się wielka awantura an innocent tiff turned into a big row pot.
10 (wskazuje na cechę) znany/słynny z czegoś well-known/famous for sth
- miasto słynie z zabytkowych budowli the town is famous for its historic buildings

- z oczu jest podobna do matki her eyes are like her mother’s

- ze sposobu bycia przypominał ojca he resembled his father in manner
11 (wskazuje na natężenie) z całego serca with all one’s heart
- ze wszystkich sił with all one’s might

- z całą dokładnością with the utmost accuracy

- podkreślić z całą mocą to emphasize most strongly

- z grubsza roughly

- z lekka lightly

- z rzadka rarely, seldom

- z uwagą attentively

- z wysiłkiem with (an) effort
12 (wskazuje na element całości) with (kimś/czymś sb/sth)
- kawa z mlekiem coffee with milk

- dom z ogrodem a house with a garden

- dziewczyna z niebieskimi oczami a girl with blue eyes

- matka z dzieckiem na ręku a mother carrying a. with a baby in her arms

- samolot ze stu osobami na pokładzie a plane with a hundred people on board

- chleb z masłem bread and butter

- mieszkanie z umeblowaniem a furnished flat

- sklep z używaną odzieżą a second-hand clothes shop

- deszcz ze śniegiem sleet

- podróżowała z mężem i dwojgiem dzieci she travelled with her husband and two children

- dyskutował z synem he was arguing with his son

- rozstał się ze swą przyjaciółką he parted with his girlfriend

- zaprzyjaźniła się z nim dwa lata temu she became friendly with him two years ago

- pójdziesz z nami do kina? are you going to the cinema with us?

- wyszedł na spacer z psem he took the dog for a walk

- porozmawiam z nim o tym jutro I’ll talk to him about it tomorrow
13 (wskazuje na sposób) with (czymś sth)
- z niedowierzaniem/ze zdumieniem in a. with disbelief/astonishment

- okno zamknęło się z trzaskiem the window closed with a bang

- obudził się z bólem głowy he woke up with a headache

- leżał na trawie z rękami pod głową he was lying on the grass with his hands behind his head

- płynąć z wiatrem/prądem to sail with the wind/current
14 (wskazuje na cel) pójść do kogoś z prośbą o radę to go to sb to request advice
- pośpieszyć komuś z pomocą to go to sb’s aid

- pojechał do Niemiec z wykładami he went to Germany on a lecture tour
15 (wskazuje na współzależność) with (czymś sth)
- z wiekiem with age

- wraz ze wzrostem ciśnienia with the growth of a. in pressure

- z czasem with a. in time

- z upływem czasu with the passing of time

- z każdym dniem/rokiem with each passing day/year
16 (z określeniami pory) with (czymś sth)
- z końcem/początkiem sierpnia at the end/beginning of August

- z nadejściem lata with the approach of summer
17 (eliptyczne) about (kimś/czymś sb/sth)
- co z artykułem? what about the article?

- co się z tobą działo? what have you been doing with yourself?

- co zrobić z tymi szmatami? what shall I do with these rags?

- z babcią jest źle, znowu miała atak Granny’s not well, she’s had another seizure
18 (w przysłówkach) literatura zwana z angielska science fiction literature known by the English name of science fiction
- ubrany z niemiecka dressed in German style

- mówił trochę z cudzoziemska he spoke with a slight foreign accent
Ⅱ part. around, about
- zajęło mi to z godzinę it took me around an hour

- miał ze czterdzieści lat he was around forty

* * *

nt

inv ( litera) Z, z

Z jak Zygmunt — ≈Z for zebra

* * *

Ź

n.

indecl. ( litera) Z with an accent, z with an accent; Z acute, z acute.

The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > Ź
20 ź

z, ze Ⅰ praep. 1. (przed określeniami miejsca) from (czegoś sth); (o pomieszczeniu, pojemniku) from, out of (czegoś sth); (o powierzchni) off (czegoś sth)
- z Polski/ze Szkocji from Poland/Scotland

- pamiątka z Japonii a souvenir from Japan

- św. Franciszek z Asyżu St Francis of Assisi

- jechać z Berlina do Warszawy to go from Berlin to Warsaw

- wyszedł z domu o trzeciej he left home at three

- wyjął pieniądze z portfela he took some money out of his wallet

- zjechał na sankach z górki he went down the hill on a sledge

- gwóźdź wystający z deski a nail sticking out of a plank

- zdjął obraz ze ściany he took the picture off the wall

- sprzątnęła brudne naczynia ze stołu she cleared the dirty dishes off the table

- podniósł coś z podłogi he picked something up off the floor

- zsiadł z konia he got off the horse
2. (określający kierunek, stronę) from (czegoś sth)
- hałasy dochodzące z góry noises coming from upstairs

- widok z wieży kościoła the view from the church tower

- z każdej strony a. ze wszystkich stron from all sides, from every side

- z lewej/prawej strony (znajdować się) on a. to the left/right; (zbliżać się) from the left/right

- z mojej lewej/prawej strony (tuż obok) by my left/right side; (nieco dalej) to my left/right

- z tamtej strony brzeg jest bagnisty on the other side the shore is marshy

- z przodu/tyłu at the front/back
3. (określający źródło, pochodzenie) from (czegoś sth)
- informacje pochodzące z dziennika telewizyjnego information from the TV News

- dane z rocznika statystycznego data from a statistical yearbook

- wiadomość z pewnej gazety information from a certain newspaper

- znał jej adres z książki telefonicznej he knew her address from the telephone directory

- wiem o tym z doświadczenia I know it from experience

- z badań rynkowych wynika, że… from market research it emerges that…

- dyrektor z wyboru/nominacji an elected/a nominated director

- towary z importu imported goods

- odrzuty z eksportu export rejects

- znalazł sobie pracę z ogłoszenia he found a job through an ad
4. (z określeniami czasu) from, of (czegoś sth)
- zamek z XV wieku a castle (dating) from the 15th century

- fotografie z lat szkolnych photographs from one’s school days

- jego list z 12 maja his letter of 12 May

- to jest rachunek za telefon z ubiegłego miesiąca this is the phone bill for a. from last month

- z rana in the morning

- z samego rana first thing in the morning
5. (wskazuje na podstawę, wzór) from (czegoś sth)
- rysunek z natury a drawing from nature

- odpis z oryginału a duplicate of the original

- wyrecytować coś z pamięci to recite sth from memory

- przepisał dane z tablicy he copied down the data from the board
6. (wskazuje na surowiec) of, from (czegoś sth)
- z drzewa/ze stali of a. from wood/steel

- zasmażka z mąki i wywaru a roux of a. from flour and stock

- z czego to jest zrobione? what is it made of a. from?

- wiązanka z czerwonych róż a bunch of red roses

- sok z wiśni/malin cherry/raspberry juice

- sałatka z pomidorów/selera a tomato/celery salad

- dom wybudowany z cegieł a brick-built house
7. (wskazuje na zbiór) of (kogoś/czegoś sb/sth)
- któryś z nich/nas one of them/us

- jeden z uczniów one of the pupils

- żaden z nauczycieli none of the teachers

- najstarszy/najmłodszy z nich the oldest/youngest of them

- czy któryś z was go zna? do any of you know him?

- czy coś z tego rozumiesz? do you understand any of that?
8. (wskazuje na przyczynę stanu) out of, from (czegoś sth)
- z radości/ze strachu out of joy/fear

- z konieczności (out) of necessity

- zemdleć z wyczerpania to faint from exhaustion

- umrzeć z głodu die of starvation

- wyszła za mąż z miłości she married for love a. out of love

- udusił się z braku powietrza he suffocated through lack of air
9 (wskazuje na stan początkowy) from (kogoś/czegoś sb/sth)
- z nasion/pąków from seeds/buds

- wyrosła z niej śliczna dziewczyna she grew into a very pretty girl

- z majora awansował na pułkownika he was promoted from major to colonel

- inflacja spadła z 10 do 8 procent inflation went down from 10 to 8 per cent

- z niewinnej sprzeczki zrobiła się wielka awantura an innocent tiff turned into a big row pot.
10 (wskazuje na cechę) znany/słynny z czegoś well-known/famous for sth
- miasto słynie z zabytkowych budowli the town is famous for its historic buildings

- z oczu jest podobna do matki her eyes are like her mother’s

- ze sposobu bycia przypominał ojca he resembled his father in manner
11 (wskazuje na natężenie) z całego serca with all one’s heart
- ze wszystkich sił with all one’s might

- z całą dokładnością with the utmost accuracy

- podkreślić z całą mocą to emphasize most strongly

- z grubsza roughly

- z lekka lightly

- z rzadka rarely, seldom

- z uwagą attentively

- z wysiłkiem with (an) effort
12 (wskazuje na element całości) with (kimś/czymś sb/sth)
- kawa z mlekiem coffee with milk

- dom z ogrodem a house with a garden

- dziewczyna z niebieskimi oczami a girl with blue eyes

- matka z dzieckiem na ręku a mother carrying a. with a baby in her arms

- samolot ze stu osobami na pokładzie a plane with a hundred people on board

- chleb z masłem bread and butter

- mieszkanie z umeblowaniem a furnished flat

- sklep z używaną odzieżą a second-hand clothes shop

- deszcz ze śniegiem sleet

- podróżowała z mężem i dwojgiem dzieci she travelled with her husband and two children

- dyskutował z synem he was arguing with his son

- rozstał się ze swą przyjaciółką he parted with his girlfriend

- zaprzyjaźniła się z nim dwa lata temu she became friendly with him two years ago

- pójdziesz z nami do kina? are you going to the cinema with us?

- wyszedł na spacer z psem he took the dog for a walk

- porozmawiam z nim o tym jutro I’ll talk to him about it tomorrow
13 (wskazuje na sposób) with (czymś sth)
- z niedowierzaniem/ze zdumieniem in a. with disbelief/astonishment

- okno zamknęło się z trzaskiem the window closed with a bang

- obudził się z bólem głowy he woke up with a headache

- leżał na trawie z rękami pod głową he was lying on the grass with his hands behind his head

- płynąć z wiatrem/prądem to sail with the wind/current
14 (wskazuje na cel) pójść do kogoś z prośbą o radę to go to sb to request advice
- pośpieszyć komuś z pomocą to go to sb’s aid

- pojechał do Niemiec z wykładami he went to Germany on a lecture tour
15 (wskazuje na współzależność) with (czymś sth)
- z wiekiem with age

- wraz ze wzrostem ciśnienia with the growth of a. in pressure

- z czasem with a. in time

- z upływem czasu with the passing of time

- z każdym dniem/rokiem with each passing day/year
16 (z określeniami pory) with (czymś sth)
- z końcem/początkiem sierpnia at the end/beginning of August

- z nadejściem lata with the approach of summer
17 (eliptyczne) about (kimś/czymś sb/sth)
- co z artykułem? what about the article?

- co się z tobą działo? what have you been doing with yourself?

- co zrobić z tymi szmatami? what shall I do with these rags?

- z babcią jest źle, znowu miała atak Granny’s not well, she’s had another seizure
18 (w przysłówkach) literatura zwana z angielska science fiction literature known by the English name of science fiction
- ubrany z niemiecka dressed in German style

- mówił trochę z cudzoziemska he spoke with a slight foreign accent
Ⅱ part. around, about
- zajęło mi to z godzinę it took me around an hour

- miał ze czterdzieści lat he was around forty

* * *

nt

inv ( litera) Z, z

Z jak Zygmunt — ≈Z for zebra

* * *

ź

n.

indecl. ( litera) Z with an accent, z with an accent; Z acute, z acute.

The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > ź

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The Stand — This article is about the novel. For the television miniseries, see The Stand (TV miniseries). For other uses, see Stand (disambiguation). Project Blue redirects here. For anime series, see Project Blue Earth SOS. The Stand … Wikipedia
The R.E.D. Album — The R.E.D. Album … Wikipedia
The Young and the Restless minor characters — The following are characters from the American soap opera The Young and the Restless who are notable for their actions or relationships, but who do not warrant their own articles. Contents 1 Current Characters 1.1 Genevieve … Wikipedia
History of the New England Patriots — The History of the New England Patriots began when Boston business executive Billy Sullivan was awarded the eighth and final franchise of the developing American Football League (AFL) on November 16 1959. The following winter, locals were allowed … Wikipedia
List of The Sopranos characters — The following is a listing of fictional characters from the HBO series The Sopranos. To view characters organized by their associations, see the subpages section. Contents 1 Main characters 2 Supporting characters 3 Recurring guest stars … Wikipedia
The Hilarious House of Frightenstein — infobox television show name = The Hilarious House of Frightenstein caption = Title card for the show format = Sketch comedy camera = Single camera runtime = 48 minutes creator = Billy Van executive producer = starring = Billy Van Fishka Rais Guy … Wikipedia
Fictional characters in the Southern Victory Series — The Southern Victory Series is a series of alternate history novels written by Harry Turtledove. The point of divergence involves Confederate States of America winning the American Civil War and becoming an independent nation. The series covers… … Wikipedia
The Labours of Hercules — Infobox Book | name = The Labours of Hercules title orig = translator = image caption = Dust jacket illustration of the US (true first) edition. See Publication history (below) for UK first edition jacket image. author = Agatha Christie… … Wikipedia
The Biggest Loser: Couples 2 — For the Australian series, see The Biggest Loser Australia: Couples 2. The Biggest Loser: Couples 2 Format Reality TV Created by Dave Broome Presented by Alison Sweeney Starring Bob Harper … Wikipedia
The Holocaust — Holocaust and Shoah redirect here. For other uses, see Holocaust (disambiguation) and Shoah (disambiguation). Selection on … Wikipedia
The Great Khali — Khali redirects here. For other uses, see Khali (disambiguation). The Great Khali The Great Khali in 2008 … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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the walk cleared my head

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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the walk cleared my head

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